Abstract:To get further understanding of ferulic acid and its derivatives and make them more widely used，this paper summarized extractions of ferulic acid and kinds of its derivatives，found ferulic acid not only existed in Angelica sinensis，Rhizoma Coptidis and other traditional Chinese medicine，but also was rich in rice bran，wheat bran and other food ingredients. Ferulic acid derivatives are also rich and varied. The paper also reviewed the ferulic acid and its derivatives have significant antioxidant，anti-inflammatory，anti-radiation，anticancer and other physiological functions，and they have been widely used in the food，cosmetic，pharmaceutical and other industries. The full text provided effective and solid theoretical foundations for widely and better application of ferulic acid and its derivatives and treatment of related disease，these substances have good development prospects.

Abstract:Browning of mostly fruit wine constitutes a well-known problem in the wine industry. In order to find an alternative natural antioxidants of SO2 and explore the biological method to inhibit browning of wine，effect of GSH to polyphenol browning were discussed. Apple fruit wine was used as research object in the experiments and fourteen fruit wine yeast strains were used in the test. The fermentation capacity，tolerance to ethanol and pH，glutathione production capacity were used as selective standards. With specific selectivity method，strain Y-18 was selected as the optimal apple cider yeast. The results showed that GSH showed better inhibitory effect on browning than ascorbic acid andL- cysteine. The GSH yield of Y-18 strain was 1.5~2 times than others，while its cider has a good taste with color valuesignificantly lower than other strains. In summary，Y-18 strain showed good fermentation characteristics while reducing cider browning，which provided an effective reference for the development of high-quality wine.

Abstract:Water-soluble CdTe quantum dots（QDs） were synthesized using thioglycollic acid as a stabilizer，and the purified QDs were bind to the Microcystin-LR antibody. The interaction between the QDs and the Microcystin-LR antibody at different temperatures were investigated. The association constant Kapp（84.3M-1），the Stern-Volmer quenching constant Ksv（6.74×104（298 K），6.11×104（304 K），5.93×104（310 K）），the number of binding sites n，and the binding constant K were all calculated through the analysis of UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectrum. In addition，the interaction of the thermodynamic parameters between the QDs and the antibody were studied ，△H（＜0），△G（＜0）and △S（＞0），indicating that electrostatic played mainly roles in the interactions between CdTe QDs and Microcystin-LR antibody，and the hydrogen bond and van der Waals also made the contributions.

Abstract:To isolate lactic acid bacteria associated with longevity and understand the mechanism about longevity，the gut microbial community of long living elderly residents of Gaotian village was analyzed systematically using 16S high-throughput sequencing. Sequences were performed by species annotation and analyzed the mutual species of gut microbacterial of villagers. This study use MRS to isolated lactobacillus and evaluate the ability of tolerance in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid as well as the ability of scavenging in free radical. Results showed there were 345 OTUs shared all ages of villages in Gaotian. Lactobacillus fermentum 1014 had a high ability of tolerance in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid，best antioxidant ability of scavenging free radical. Those results might help to reveal the phenomenon of longevity and L. fermentum 1014 might be considered as a potential probiotic lactic acid bacterium used as a microbial agent.

Abstract:Lipopolysaccharides（LPS） is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. It's composed of a hydrophobic Kdo2-lipid A and a hydrophilic polysaccharide chain，and can activate the innate immune system. Kdo2-lipid A is the bioactive centers of LPS，which has the potential to be developed as vaccines or vaccine adjuvants. In this study，we constructed a novel Kdo2-lipid A producing mutant BW003 by deleting waaC-waaF genes in the chromosome of a laboratory Escherichia coli strain. The Kdo2-lipid A structure of BW003 was confirmed by TLC and ESI/MS. Compared with wild type E. coli W3110 and LPS，BW003 and Kdo2-lipid A showed lower cytotoxicity when stimulating HEK-Blue hTLR4 cells and THP-1 cells. In addition，BW003 presented higher outer membrane permeability，sensitivity to antibiotics，hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation ability，which is safe and efficient for large-scale industrial fermentation and vaccine adjuvants development.

Abstract:The human being can not synthesize folate by themselves，mainly from food. Lactobacillus plantarum（Lb. plantarum） can produce folate，and recognized as an intestinal probiotics. Studying higher-yield folate Lb. Plantarum，which isolated from Yunnan traditional fermented food，totaled 34 strains，combining high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. Through comparing，the 34 Lb. Plantarum also have the ability to synthesize folate，and the three highest yields are Lb. plantarum SP8-7，JH-M1-6-30 and YML4-3，1.492，1.360 μg/mL and 1.312 μg/mL respectively. In the aspect of applied research，Lb. plantarum JH-M1-6-30 and Lb. plantarum YML4-3 can be used in producing yoghurt which containing higher-yield folate，and Lb. plantarum SP8-7 can be used in producing acid douchi which containing higher-yield folate.

Abstract:In this study，pre-drying vacuum impregnation technology was applied in the first stage，when some flavor substances such as butter，sugars were impregnated to the Nostoc sphaeroides kützing（N. sphaeroides），thus there were butter flavor in raw products. After that，though drying for the second stage，the rest water in impregnated materials was removed，and best drying process was necessary for keeping maters' shape and nutrition value.Firstly，pulse-spouted microwave-freeze drying（PSMVD），which was developed by our team was selected as the pre-drying process. Secondly，according to the quality of impregnated N. sphaeroides，different vacuum level，different impregnating time in vacuum and atmospheric pressure were researched，thus best vacuum impregnating process was realized，when the parameters were selected as：impregnating temperature was 75 ℃，vacuum pressure was -0.08 MPa，both vacuum and atmospheric pressure impregnating time was 30 min. Finally，according to the quality of impregnated N. sphaeroides，hot airflow drying and microwave vacuum drying were analyzed in comparison，and the drying process in second stage was confirmed，which was microwave vacuum drying with the power of 150 W.

Abstract:The crude polysaccharides was obtained from the hot-water extract of the spores of Ganoderma lucidum，and two main fractions GLP1a and GLP1b were isolated by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow chromatography and Sepharose CL-6B gel chromatography. The HPSEC analysis indicated that the two fractions were all homogeneous polysaccharides and their velative molecular mass weight were respectively 1.12×106 and 1.21×105. The analysis of composition，infrared spectrum and NMR spectroscopy indicated that GLP1a and GLP1b all had a backbone of β-D-（1，6） -glucan and GLP1b were partly substituted at C-3 and C-4 in the main chain. Preliminary tests in vitro showed that the two polysaccharide fractions all has stimulating effects on murine splenocyte proliferation and the effect of GLP1b was better than GLP1a. Moreover，their activities were all in a dose-dependent manner. GLP1a.

Abstract:Bacillus subtilis，Bacillus cereus，Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella are common residual spoilage bacteria in food. In order to reduce their pollution on food，MIC，MLC and antibacterial effects of these bio-inhibitors against these four kinds of spoilage bacteria were studied under different concentrations，pH，and with chelating agents in this paper. The results showed that MIC and MLC of ε-PL on these bacteria were all 0.125 g/L except MLC on Salmonella for 0.2 g/L. MIC of Nisin on these four kinds of bacteria were 0.125、0.25、0.25 g/L and 0.5 g/L respectively，MLC of Nisin were 2.5、3.0、2.5 g/L and 3.0 g/L respectively. MIC of CTS on these bacteria were all 0.25 g/L except Salmonella for 0.5 g/L. MLC were all 5.0 g/L except Staphylococcus aureus for 4.0 g/L. The antibacterial effects of bio-inhibitors on these spoilage bacteria were gradually enhanced with increase of concentration. ε-PL had the best antibacterial effects on gram positive and negative bacteria，especially under neutral condition（pH=7）. While Nisin and CTS in acidic condition（pH was 3 or so） had higher antibacterial activity. The bio-inhibitors compounded with EDTA had obvious synergistic antibacterial effects，which was the best in ε-PL and EDTA.

Abstract:The changes of main substances causing non-enzymatic browning of orange juice concentrate under various storage conditions and their relations with browning were studied.The main reasons of browning in orange juice concentrate were searched by correlation analysis and path analysis.The results showed that ascorbic acid degradation，carotenoids degradationand multi-hydroxybenzene oxidative condensation were the major factors leading to browning ，the effect of Maillard reaction on browning was slight.

Abstract:This paper was to study the effect of ferulic acid esterase on fermented pig feed. In this paper，commercial microbial feed starter cultures were blended with FAE，which was a crude enzyme solution produced by laboratory. Subsequently the mix was used to fermented pig feed，and the effects of enzymatic fermented feed on ternary pig performance and digestive properties were mainly studied. The results showed that，compared with ordinary fermented feed，the feed fermented by ferulic acid esterase significantly improved in flavor and palatability. In fact，the degradation rates of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber were significantly improved（P＜0.05）. The total amino，ferulic acid，xylooligosaccharides，total bacteria and lactobacillus in per gram of feed were significantly improved（P＜0.05）. In the ternary pigs feeding process，compared with the basal diet group，the average daily feed intake，daily weight and feed conversion rate of ternary pigs in enzyme fermented feed group were significantly improved（P＜0.05），the digestibility of dry material，neutral detergent fiber，acid detergent fiber and crude ash in enzyme fermented feed group were significantly improved（P＜0.05）. Ferulic acid esterase can improve the flavor of fermented feed，ameliorate the quality of feed，and promote the growth of pigs as well as enhancing their digestibility.

Abstract:Both higher alcohols and amino nitrogen are important physical and chemical indexes of Chinese rice wine，and furthermore formation of the former is closely related to metabolism of the latter during wine brewing. There are multiple process conditions affect both two indexes content complexly，which may be interactions between factors. In this paper，on the basis of the previous single factor experiment results，three factors were selected as variables，which include primary-fermentation temperature，yeast inoculation size，post-fermentation temperature. The Box-Behnken design and response surface analysis were used to determine the optimal levels of the main factors. As a result the optimal conditions for Chinese rice wine with low higher alcohols content and high amino nitrogen level were primary-fermentation temperature 30 ℃，yeast inoculation 3%，post-fermentation temperature 13 ℃. The content of higher alcohols decreased 12.30% and amino nitrogen improved 8.90% in the optimal conditions.

Abstract:In this study，the rice lipase（RL） was displayed on the surfaceof Pichia pastoris to catalyze synthesis of ethyl acetate in n-hexane，the influence of some factors such as the enzyme activity of rice lipase，substrate concentration，reaction temperature，reaction time，the amount of 3A molecular sieve on the synthesis of ethyl acetate was investigated. The study showed that，acetic acid / ethanol（mol/mol） ratio1.2∶1，reaction time of 4 h，reaction temperature of 40 ℃，the enzyme activityof rice lipase 15 750 U/g，the adding amount of 3A molecular sieve8 % in 15 mL n-hexane was the optimum condition . Under the condition，the reaction conversion of rice lipase catalyzed synthesis of ethyl acetate reached 90.92%.

Abstract:Yak bone protein was hydrolyzed with protease for the preparation of soluble polypeptides. Alkaline protease was proved to be the optimal activator and the single-factor method was used to analyze the effect of time，pH，substrate concentration，enzyme/substrate ratio and temperature on the degree of hydrolysis and yield of polypeptides. Factors such as substrate concentration，enzyme/substrate ratio，hydrolysis pH and time were screened out for response surface analysis based on polypeptides yield. On the optimal hydrolysis conditions of substrate concentration 3.5 g/dL ，enzyme/substrate ratio 4 000 U/g ，hydrolysis pH 7.0 and time 4 h，the actual value of yield was 22.06% and the peptides were detected with good solubility and stability.

Abstract:To detect the normal rats，rats after exercise fatigue and exhaustion after 12 h of rest in rat liver tissue and mitochondria-related indicators of black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides enhance exercise capacity and fatigue and enhance the body's ability to recover after exercise influences. 100 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups：control group（A），exhaustive group（B），exhaustive rest group（C），black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides exhaustive group（D），black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides exhaustive rest group（E）. According to regulations，five groups of Wistar rats while doing endurance exercise treadmill 30 d，D，E daily prescribed dose gavage black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides，after the last exercise training，the A group were sacrificed in a quiet situation，detecting biochemical indicators；make additional 4 groups do Exhausted after strenuous exercise，the B，D sacrificed measure relevant indicators；make C，E rat rest after 12 h，sacrificed and detect targets. The rats taking black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides，GSH-Px vitality，SOD activity and -SH content significantly increased，MDA decreased significantly. Description which can enhance the body's antioxidant capacity. Mitochondrial activity was significantly enhanced. After the break 12 h，the liver tissue NOS activity，NO content and mitochondrial index almost reached the original level. Black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can be drawn taking can enhance the body's ability to recover，enhanced resistance to fatigue. Taking black Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can enhance the function of rat anti-fatigue and anti-oxidation，improve exercise capacity in rats，fatigue after exercise to strengthen resilience.