Abstract:The micro-structure，texture and freeze-thaw stability of starch gel，the determination methods and the influencing factors were reviewed. These factors were amylose content，amylopectin structure，conditions of treatment and ingredients in food. Modifications that could change starch gel properties were summarized，including acid modification，oxidation modification，crosslinking modification，carboxymethyl modification，and acetylation modification. With the increasing types of starch gel products，study on the influence of additives on starch gel properties will become a new research hotspot.

Abstract:To supply adequate dietary protein for CKD patients while controlling phosphorus intake，low-phosphorus yolk potein was prepared by alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization. Meanwhile we analyzes the differences of dephosphorization efficiency，protein solubility，structure and amino acid composition between alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization and alkaline dephosphorization. The results showed that alkaline dephosphorization damages amino acids and affects protein quality. Dephosphorization rate and protein content of alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization are respectively 45.17% and 74.74%，And high protein hydrolysis shows that dephosphorization rate was positively correlated with the degree of hydrolysis；The micro structures is loose and the random coil about 90%；The soluble protein content of alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization yolk protein is 18.92 g/100 g，the dissolution stability was 98.62%. The FAO/WHO degree model was 0.958，which was better than the method of alkaline dephosphorization. The overall results confirmed that low-phosphorus yolk protein prepared by alkaline protease auxiliary dephosphorization can be as a high quality protein source for CKD patients.

Abstract:A method used for determining the entrapment efficiency of beta-ionone in liposomes was established. The liposome was prepared by thin film evaporation. The free beta-ionone was separated from liposomes by reverse dialysis and quantified with HPLC. The results showed that the calibrated curve was linear（R2=0.999 8） within the range of 5~80 mg/L for beta-ionone. Intra-day and inter-day precision（RSD）were both less than 3%. The equilibrium time for the dialysis was 12 h， and the recoveries showed with good reproducibility（99.21%~101.22%），and the leaking percentage in 20 h was negligible. The average entrapment efficiency of beta-ionone liposome was 52.76±1.10%. The reverse dialysis method was convenient，accurate and economic，suitable for determining the encapsulation efficiency of beta-ionone liposomes.

Abstract:Three oxidation degree of dextran derivatives（D-CHO） were synthesized with oxidation of sodium periodate. Dextran-amphotericin B（D-CHO-AmB） conjugate was prepared by Schiff's base reaction between aldehyde groups of D-CHO and amino groups of AmB. MALS/GPC results indicated that the molecular weight of dextran was reduced with the increase of oxidation degree. The drug loadings of D-CHO-AmB were 18.9% to 36.7%，which increased with the oxidation degree. Compared with AmB injection，the hemolytic effect of D-CHO-AmB was decreased significantly and the critical concentration of hemolysis was almost tenfold. The inhibition zone test proved that D-CHO-AmB conjugates had an excellent antifungal effect.

Abstract:To study the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence of hollow nanospheres self-assembled by hyaluronic acid-graft-poly（ethylene glycol）（HA-g-PEG） and sulfobutyl ether-beta-cyclodextrin（SCD） containing uricase（UHPSD） in SD rats. Rats were administrated with（i.v.） UHPSD and UOX，respectively. Blood sample were collected from eye socket，and the activity of uricase were assayed. Compartmental pharmacokinetics were analyzed by DAS 2.1.1 software，then the bioequivalence was judged. The activity-time curve of UHPSD and UOX were conformed to a two-compartment model with a lag time.

Abstract:To explore the effect of Fulvic acid（FA） on Haematococcus pluvialis，different concentration gradient of Fulvic acid（FA） was added in the culture of Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU. Meanwhile，cells growth，astaxanthin accumulation and the transcript levels expression kinetics of lcy gene was studied during induced time. The results show that the suitable concentration of FA not only promote the algae growth（when dealt with 10 mg L-1 FA concentration，the algae biomass production reach the maximum 80.28 mg L-1d-1，increased by 5.44% than that of the control group），but also greatly improve the astaxanthin content（the astaxanthin content reach 20.82 mg L-1 when dealt with 5 mg L-1 FA concentration，is 86.89% higher than the control group）. RT-PCR analysis shows that the transcriptional levels of lcy induced by 5 mg L-1 and 10 mg L-1 FA is 1.2 and 0.7 times than that of control，respectively. The correlation analysis indicate that，the accumulation of astaxanthin content and the transcriptional levels of lcy gene inducted by FA is positively correlated.

Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to overcome the shortage of high temperature sterilization and radiation sterilization，the effects of pasteurization combined with microwave sterilization on the quality of chicken claws are investigated. Through the response surface analysis experiments，the effects of the combined pasteurization process parameters including microwave temperature，pasteurization temperature and sterilization number on the texture、sensory quality and the total number of colonies are discussed. The optimal process parameters are pasteurization temperature 88℃，microwave temperature is 120 ℃，sterilization 2 times，the value of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is 0.85. Curve fitting is conducted on the optimal group to obtain the microbial growth kinetics equation at 25 ℃.

Abstract:Disc diffusion and direct contacting of essential oil and fruit pathogenic bacterias are utilized to study the effects of plant essential oil lavender essential oil，peppermint oil and grape seed oil on alternaria alternata，penicillium expansum and geotrichum candidum in this research. After analyzing the result of the research，we find out that in 1 ?滋L/L，2 ?滋L/L，3 ?滋L/L，4 ?滋L/L，5 ?滋L/L concentrations of these plant oils have unlike effects in fruit pathogenic bacteria of alternaria alternata，penicillium expansum and geotrichum candidum. And how we deal with the materials can influence the final result as well. In disc diffusion experiment the sensitivity towards lavender essential oil are alternaria alternate > penicillium expansum > geotrichum candidum，while the sensitivity towards peppermint oil are alternaria alternate > geotrichum candidum > penicillium expansum，and towards grape seed oil are penicillium expansum >alternaria alternate >geotrichum candidum. Whereas in the experiment of contacting essential oil and fruit pathogenic bacteria we got a different result. In 100 ?滋L/L，200 ?滋L/L，300 ?滋L/L，400 ?滋L/L，500 ?滋L/L concentrations of the plant oils .The sensitivity towards lavender essential oil are geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternata > penicillium expansum，which towards peppermint oil are geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternate > penicillium expansum，and that towards grape seed oil are penicillium expansum > geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternata.

Abstract:The carbohydrate oxidase from Microdochium nivale（MnCO）can catalyze the oxidation of lactose to produce lactobionic acid. In this study，we used the recombinant MnCO which expressed in Pichia pastoris from the genetically engineered bacteria X33-pPICZαA-MnCO stored in our lab. The production of lactobionic acid was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The optimal fermentation conditions for the production of lactobionic acid were as follows：the concentration of lactose solution of 5 mmol/L，the amount of enzyme of 1.5 U/ml，the reaction temperature of 55 ℃，the reaction time of 48 h，the conversion rate of lactose to lactobionic acid could reach to 100% .

Abstract:In this study，ice structuring proteins were extracted from the Alfalfa meal powder using ice of Alfalfa were optimized by calculation of extraction efficiency，single-factor experiment and response extraction with phosphote buffer solution Furthermore，the extraction conditions for ice structuring proteins surface methodology. The results revealed that the extraction yield of Alfalfa ice structuring proteins was up to 2.87%，when the extraction was carried out by suspending in 61 mmol/L phosphate buffer solution at pH 8.0 with a solid/liquid ratio of 1∶20 and 46 ice pieces were added in per 100 milliliters of crude extracts. Additionally，the observed ice crystal morphology suggested that the ice structuring proteins of Alfalfa which mostly showed six hexagons or irregular shapes were small in size，indicating that ice structuring proteins of Alfalfa are able to modify the conformations of ice crystals and significantly inhibit the growth. the protein molecular weight of Alfalfa ice structuring proteins is about for 52 kDa，which was by SDS-PAGE.

Abstract:To prepare the curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles（CNSLN） with emulsion-ultrasonic and compare the intestinal absorption of free curcumin（CRM） and CNSLN. Single-pass intestinal perfusion（SPIP） model was used to study the intestinal absorption and Ultraviolet spectrometric assay was used to determine the content of CRM. The CNSLN presented as small round or oval under transmission electron microscope（TEM） with the diameter of about（120.7±5.4） nm，zeta potential was（-41.90±1.81） mV，average entrapment efficiency was（91.12±0.42） %. The absorption rate constant（Ka），effective permeability（Peff），percent absorption rate W（%） of CRM and CNSLN in duodenum，jejunum，ileum and colon both were significant difference（P<0.01），and CNSLN was more than 2 times as much as CRM. The maximum segments of CNSLN absorption was colon. The results indicated that the absorption of CNSLN in rats is better than CRM，and CNSLN could obviously enhance the absorption of CRM in rats.

Abstract:This experiment with inorganic selenium feed feeding Suqin yellow chickens of selenium enrichment，and use it as raw material，study the common processing method of cooking chicken with selenium sites（liver and meat） process，and four processing methods on the influence of selenium content in chicken change and the reason analysis. Experimental results are as follows：Selenium experiment can significantly improve the selenium content of chicken in different parts；SPSS analysis shows that temperature difference of chicken selenium retention rate correlation is not obvious（P>0.05）；the processing time of chicken liver，meat phase had significant correlation（P<0.01） and compared to cooking，frying processing methods，steaming and baking processing methods is conducive to the retention of selenium in the liver and meat of poultry，they are the ideal processing methods.

Abstract:This study was under taken to exploring the optimal process for ultra-high pressure extraction of chicken blood hemoglobin（Hb） and demonstrating the key process properties. To accomplish this，response surface analysis methodology（RSM） was used for optimizing ultra-high pressure extraction of Hb with Hb rate as the response. In the meanwhile，the role of ultra-high pressure in improving Hb functional properties by high speed homogenization，such as emulsifying properties and foaming capacity，were also revealed. Results showed that the technical parameters，including liquid ratio，extraction time and ultra-high pressure presented significant impact on Hb yield. The optimal extraction conditions were 1 g∶250 mL solid-liquid ratio，135 MPa for 5.4 min. Under these conditions，the yield of Hb was 6.697 g/dL. With ultra-high pressure treated，the emulsifying property of Hb was obviously improved while its emulsion stability decreased；both the foaming capacity and foaming stability presented enhanced trends.

Abstract:To produce Ginkgo biloba tea and research the changes of total flavonoids and ginkgolic acids during the process of Ginkgo biloba leaves with pile-fermentation. Pile-fermentation was used to produce Ginkgo biloba leaves.The contents of total flavonoids and ginkgolic acids in different times of fermentation were determined by UV spectrophotometry and HPLC respectively. After pile-fermentation，the colour of Ginkgo biloba leaves was brown.Soup was decreasing bitterness，slightly sweet and mellow taste.During the fermentation，the content of total flavonoids and ginkgolic acids showed a downward trend，total flavonoids dropped 6.86%，ginkgolic acids dropped 29.08%.These results provide reference for reasonable development of Ginkgo biloba leaves.

Abstract:For avoiding human influence on tobacco blend，enhancing objectivity of tobacco blend. A mathematical model was developed and validated between tobacco leafs ratio and the corresponding sensory quality based on four tobacco leafs of HongDa，K326，NC297 and Yun 87. The informative tobacco leafs ratios were screened and analyzed coupled with aroma components. Result showed that：the tobacco leafs ratios were correlative with sensory quality greatly，and the established model could reflect the correlation between tobacco leafs ratios and sensory quality；by model analysis，the informative tobacco leafs ratios could be screened，which is beneficial to quantity and ratios control of tobacco leaf in tobacco blend；the sensory quality of tobacco blend under different tobacco leafs ratios could be predicted conditionally by coupled with contour map analysis；by validation test，a better tobacco blend was get by through adjustment of the tobacco leafs ratios according to result of Tobacco Leafs Ratios -Sensory Quality Model. So by means of mathematical model，it is helpful for tobacco blend and free of human subjective factors.

Abstract:In order to find new tobacco humectants，taking Propylene glycol as a control，we studied the effects of PPG and（PG+PPG） group on the moist-keeping and humidity resistance of cut tobacco. The results indicated that PG+PPG400 had better moist-keeping and humidity-resistant effects than propylene glycol under the conditions of RH（40±2）% and RH（80±2）% ，respectively. PG+PPG400 had more advantageous to the improvement of sensory quality（especially aroma and comfort） of cigarette than propylene glycol. The pyrolysis test for PPG400 at 650℃ showed that its cleavage products contained a variety of aroma components in cigarette smoke and some special flavorous ketone and alcohols compounds.

Abstract:In order to provide methods to provent Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria From juice，we study the characteristics of Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria from citrus.The Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria which was isolated from the citrus was investigated by comparison with the standard strain using Kirin-medium acidified with malic acid. Different concentrations of tannic acid were tested in Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria from citrus. The minimal inhibitory concentration was measured through the agar dilution. The results shows the two polluted bacteria isolated from citrus can grow under the temperature of 25~55 ℃ and pH of 2.4~6.0，which was corresponded with the characteristics of the Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria. Further more，the cell morphology，colony morphology，cultural characteristics，physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA tests indicated the two isolated strains of Thermoacidiphilic Bacteria have obviously similar characteristics with the standard strain. The results showed that tannins had good antibacterial activities on thermoacidiphilic bacteria，MIC of which is 1.25 mg/mL. Isolates show a high degree of similarity with the standard strains.

Abstract:This article estiblished PCR examination system for five bovine，ovine，procine，chicken，duck-derived materials of meat. Five animal-derived materials of 118 batches beef samples at several big supermarkets in Henan Province were detected by using TAKARA and Deaou real-time PCR detection kit ，And result showed that 117 batch samples had bovine-derived material for 99.15％，10 batch samples had procine-derived material for 8.47％，7batch samples had chicken-derived material for 5.93％，just 1batch sample had duck-derived material for 99.15％and no sample had ovine-derived material，The adulteration ratio of done meat products is higher. There are 9 batches of adulteration with the ratio of 7.63％.

Abstract:An analytical multiresidue method for the simultaneous determination of 16 kinds plasticizer in Liquor by GC-EI-MS was developed. Through the process liquor samples by boiling water bath evaporation，nitrogen blowing concentrated treatment，water treatment，direct extraction of four kinds of pretreatment methods for processing，the best method was found..thai is Used a boiling water bath and n-hexane liquid-liquid exraction to deal with liquor sample，then were determined by using a gas chromatography mass spectrometry operated in electron ionization mode and quant ified in selective ion monitoring mode. The results show that the detection limit of the method was less than 1. 0 kg for the most of pest icides. The developed method was linearover the range assayed，10~ 500 g/L，with correlation coefficients>0.996. the degree of precision was ≤7.2%，the adding standard recovery of the ways established was between 85%-120%.