Abstract:Starch as one of the main components of food，especially cereal products，plays an important role in human diet. The five commonly used processing methods，including ultra-high pressure，frying，fermentation，extrusion and microwave，could significantly affect the physicochemical properties of starch，such as gelatinization，aging，crystallization etc. The interactions between starch and other components of food also influence the food quality. The applications of the five processing methods in starchy foods were summarized and the effects on starch properties and mechanisms were discussed in this paper，which are helpful for the further development of starchy food.

Abstract:Phospholipase C（PLC） hydrolyzes the phospholipids in the membrane. The hydrolysis was partial，which would enhance the cell membrane permeability，and then proteins in the cytoplasm were released into culture medium. In this study，PLC was co-expressed with glucose isomerase （GI）. In shake flask fermentation of recombinant E. coli BL21 （DE3），the activity of GIC in culture supernatant was 3.4 U/mL，which was 93% of the total enzyme activity in culture supernatant and cytoplasm. GIC was released into culture medium. The GIC was purified and characterized. The specific activity of GIC was 12.1 U/mg，the optimum temperature was 80 ℃，and the activity of GIC was maximal at pH 10. The characteristics of GIC were similar to GIO，In addition，The enzyme activity reached 17.7 U/mL in 24 hours by utilizing fed-batch strategy in 3 L fermentor.

Abstract:The cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline can be used to synthesize many anticancer drugs with important commercial value. At present，cis-3-hydroxyproline is produced with IPTG-inducible recombinants in two steps. The subject of this study is to construct a recombinant with high proline-3-hydroxylase activity and generate cis-3-hydroxyproline without adding IPTG which is expensive and toxic .We constructed the recombinant plasmid pES-Ptrp2-P3H and transformed E. coli BL21（DE3） successfully. Compared with the original gene sequence of proline 3-hydroxylase，168 nucleotides were changed and the GC percentage was reduced from 64.83 % to 49.31%. The preliminarily optimized medium was 1 g/dL glucose，0.125 g/dL glycerinum，1.6 g/dL tryptone，0.5 g/dL（NH4）2SO4，0.1 g/dL K2HPO4，0.2 g/dL NaCl，1 mmol/L FeSO4，0.5 g/dL MgSO4，0.015 g/dL CaCl2，10 g/L L-proline，and pH valve at 7.5. At shaking flask level，cis-3-hydroxyproline was accumulated to about 0.8 g/L in 24 h，which was one times higher than before. It provides the basis for the industrialization of cis-3-hydroxyproline bioproduction .

Abstract:The operation performance of a process including two-stage anaerobic digestion combined with biological desulfurization for treating molasses alcohol wastewater was evaluated during the startup and stable operation in this study. The results showed that when the COD and SO42- volume loading rate were improved to 15~21 kg/（m3·d） and 0.8~1.1 kg/（m3·d），the removal rate of COD and SO42- were up to 95%~96% and 86%~90%，respectively，and the content of COD，SO42- and sulfide in effluent were 6 000~6 500，800~850 and 750~800 mg/L，respectively. Especially，the contribution rates to the COD and SO42- remove efficiencies for the first stage and the second stage digestion were 86%，11% and 90%，7%，respectively，while both of them were about 3% in the biological desulfurization. Thus，the treatment efficiency of the first stage digestion was significantly higher than that of the second stage digestion. Furthermore，the sulfide remove rate was relatively low（about 30%） in the biological desulfurization process under high loading rate. Although it was possible to increase dissolved oxygen and relieve the adsorption of sulfur on the ceramic surface by improving aeration strength，the increasing aeration also affected the formation of biofilm and fixation of sulfur bacteria，which led to the loss of microorganisms. Hence，how to ensure mass transferring efficiently among the substrate，sulfur bacteria and oxygen was the key problem to be solved in the further research.

Abstract:Ethyl carbamate （EC） is a potential carcinogen which widely exists in alcohol beverage and fermented food. Enzyme degradation is one of the important routes to deal with the EC contamination. In this study，a bacteria Lysinibacillus fusiformis SC02 which was able to degrade EC was isolated from mice stomach as the starting strain. The condition of enzyme production was optimized by using single-factor test. The optimal fermentation medium components were as follows：galactose 25 g/L，soy peptone 20 g/L，urea 4 g/L，CuSO4 0.02 g/L，initial pH 6.0. The optimal conditions for enzyme-producing were as below：temperature 37 ℃，inoculum volume 3% and liquid volume in flask 20 mL/250 mL. Urethanase production level of the strain was improved from 900 U/L to 4 500 U/L after being cultured for 15 h under the conditions mentioned above，which was 350% higher than the one under the original conditions. After investigating the influences of different agitation speeds on the urethanase production at the fermentation tank level，800 r/min was chosen as the optimal agitation speed，and the urethanase activity can reach to 7066 U/L at this speed，which was 57% higher than before.

Abstract:In this paper，the changes in pH，protein，protease activity and the degradation mechanism of the new Aspergillus niger FS - UV1 which was induced by ultraviolet irradiation in potato glucose liquid medium（PDB） were studied. It is found that the pH value is declining in fermentation process，which dropped from the initial 5.9 to 1.83. The protein content showed the maximum of 10.07 g/L at 48 h，and protein activity reached the highest at 72 h with 0.98 U/ mL. The experimental results showed that AFB1 could be decontaminated by mycelium and culture filtrate，and the spores had effect on AFB1. In addition， FS - UV1 degraded aflatoxin B1（AFB1） effect was evaluated in simulation intestinal environment of pH= 7 and the degradation rate was 87.3%.

Abstract:Dynamic change of microorganismsin the process oftraditional fermentation of broad bean saucehas an important effecton the maturity，flavor formation and food safety of the product. To quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of bacterial species during traditionalsunshine- exposedfermentation of broad bean sauce，strain-specific Rep-PCR fingerprinttechnology was adopted. The dominant strains were identified. Results indicated that during the traditional fermentation process，the total number of aerobic bacteria remained at a higher level（107～108 CFU/g），mainly including Bacillus subtilis，B.amyloliquefaciens and B.methylotrophicus. The total number of facultative anaerobe was 103～104 CFU/g and composed of B. cereus. At the early stage of the fermentation，B. subtiliswas the dominant bacteria and accounted for more than 80%，while the content of B.amyloliquefaciens and B.methylotrophicus increasedat the later period of fermentation. Therefore，Bacilli played a major role in the traditional fermentation of the broad bean sauce. The identified B. cereuswas related to the open fermentation mode. By comparison to aerobic bacteria，The number of B. cereuswaskept at a low level，which guarantees the safety of the traditionally fermented food.

Abstract:Ovotransferrin， an iron-binding globulin， had a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Its antibacterial activity was closely related with its structure. In this study， the impact of heat treatment on the structure and antibacterial activity of ovotransferrin was studied， and the change mechanism of the antibacterial effect was revealed through the analysis of its secondary structure and hydrophobic effect. Results showed that the antibacterial activity of ovotransferrin on Escherichia coli and Salmonella was decreased with the increase of treatment temperature. The structure of ovotransferrin got changed after the heat treatment， the contents of α-helix and random coil of ovotransferrin were decreased due to the high temperature， meanwhile the contents of β-sheet and the β-turn were increased. Besides， surface hydrophobicity of ovotransferrin was significantly increased. As processing time extension， the antibacterial activity of ovotransferrin had no significant change at the same temperature.

Abstract:Six compounds were isolated and purified from aqueous extract of Lentinula edodes fruiting bodies by ion exchange column chromatography. These compounds were identified as uridine，uracil，guanosine，eritadenine，adenosine and adenine by EI-MS，1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Adenine was isolated from L. edodes fruiting bodies for the first time. In addition，eritadenine was analyzed completely by NMR for the first time.

Abstract:α-Amino acid ester acyltransferase，which is encoded by SAET，can synthesize L-alanyl-L-glutamine from L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride and L-glutamine. To improve the expression level of α-amino acid ester acyltransferase in Escherichia coli，we optimized the codons and the mRNA secondary structure of SAET in the translation initiation region. Total of 396 nucleotides were changed，and the G+C ratio was simultaneously increased from 42.15% to 48.22% after optimization. Codon-optimized SAET gene was cloned into expression vectors with a tryptophan tandem promoter or phosphate promoter. DH5α/pET21a-phoC-SAET is the strain with the highest yield. The composition of the optimized culture medium for the genetic engineered Escherichia coli to produce L-alanyl-L-glutamine is as follows：glucose 15 g/L，yeast extract 10 g/L，tryptone 10 g/L，NH4AC 5 g/L，KH2PO4 6.75 g/L，K2HPO4 2.25 g/L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g/L. The optimal reaction conditions are：AlaOMe·HCl 100mmol/L，Gln 50 mmol/L，pH 9，at 25 ℃ for 90 min. The yield is 383 mg/L，which showed 3.9 fold improvement over that of the initial condition.

Abstract:Predecessors have done a lot of work in the feature extraction of protein and subcellular localization prediction. Previous studies showed that prediction accuracy obtained by traditional feature extraction algorithm is low. In order to improve accuracy，bag of words model combined with traditional protein features extraction algorithm is used to extract feature of protein sequence in this study. Firstly，K-means algorithm is used to construct feature dictionary. Then bag of words features of protein sequences are counted by dictionary.Finally extracted feature is inputted into SVM classifier to forecast the protein subcellular location. Results showed that predictionaccuracy of subcellular localization has been improved.

Abstract:This study focused on the technology for clarification and stabilization of blackberry wine. Firstly，the method for clarification of blackberry wine was optimized using response surface methodology，with clarity and chroma as assessment indicators. Then stabilization method was screened by stability test and storage performance in bottle. Results showed that the optimum condition for clarification of blackberry wine was bentonite amount of 1.0 mg/mL，clarification time of 8d and clarification temperature of 12 ℃. Under such condition，the final clarity and chroma of blackberry wine was 0.728 and 1.106 respectively. Blackberry wine showed high clarity in a short term after heat treatment and acacia addition，while it being stable kept high clarity in a long term after cold treatment. This study provides an effective way for clarification and stabilization of blackberry wine，and a theoretical basis and technical support for the industrial production of blackberry wine.

Abstract:This study was aim to investigate the formula of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for naringenin naringenin-β-cyclodextrin（NAR-β-CD） inclusion complex by central composite design-response surface method. The solubility test of NAR-β-CD inclusion complex in different secondary solvents and pseudotemary phase diagam were utilized to select components of NAR-β-CD inclusion complex self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. According to the drug loading and particle size of naringenin in different self-microemulsifying drug prescriptions，the optimal prescription was determined using the central composite design and response surface method. The optimal prescription of NAR-β-CD inclusion complex self-microemulsifying drug delivery system was composed of Ethyloleate（oil），Polysorbate 80（surfactant），and PEG 400（co-surfactant），with oil ratio of 14.39%，and the Km at 2.05. The drug loading of naringenin was 159.435 mg/g，and particle size was 28.35 nm.

Abstract:Quantitative Risk Assessment（QRA） is the future trend of the risk assessment system in which simple，rapid and accurate quantitative technologies made crucial contributions to the smooth and efficient accomplishment of QRA. In this study，a method for detecting the virulence-specific gene，invA in Salmonellla spp. was established by using droplet digital PCR technology. In contrast to the traditional method of national standard（GB 4789.4-2010） for Salmonellla detection，our developed method showed higher specificity and sensitivity as low as 102 CFU/mL. The coincidence rate was 100 % as compared with simulation specimens with culture strains. The establishment of this method based on droplet digital PCR for Salmonella detection provided a rapid and accurate approach for identification of food-borne pathogens without the use of standard curves or plasmids. These results demonstrated that this developed method offered a promising way for rapid quantitative detection of Salmonella and provided technical support for the future studies of the microbial risk assessment system.

Abstract:Chitosan is a natural，non-toxic and biodegradable flocculant. This study focused on determining and optimizing the clarification process efficiency in the presence of various concentrations （0~ 0.10 g/dL） of chitosan at different pH 5.0~7.0 for the harvested Chinese hamster ovary （CHO） cell culture fluid （HCCF）（pH 7.0）. Following HCCF was treated with 0.06 g/dL chitosan，the filtration flux was achieved up to 8 266.22 L/（m2·h） using 0.22 μm filter. In addition，the result showed that similar filtration flux for HCCF at different pH without chitosan addition whereas increasing filtration flux was achieved when HCCF pre-treated with chitosan at decreasing pH. To further improve this clarification process，the combined effect of various concentrations of chitosan at different pH on the filtration flux and the removal of process impurities including host cell proteins （HCP） and residual DNA in HCCF was evaluated. The result of a full factorial experiment including two factors and three levels （chitosan at 0.02，0.04，0.06% and pH at 5，6，7） showed that 90% antibody product yield with nearly complete removal of residual DNA and 50% more reduction of HCP were obtained when HCCF pre-treated with the optimal 0.06 g/dL chitosan at pH 5.0.

Abstract:High performance liquid chromatography method for determination of enzymatic Preparation of L-tryptophan（L-Trp） were studied. The results showed that the optimal parameter were 0.05 mmol/L potassium dihydrogan phosphate - methanol （30∶70） as the mobile phase，the detection wavelength by 265 nm，the flow rate of 1.3 mL/min，separated on a C18 column and 38 ℃ column temperature. The recoveries ranged from 92.00%~110.00%，and the Serine added had no interference to determination of L-tryptophan. The L-Trp in fermentation liquid was separated effectively in these conditions.

Abstract:To express of tdh gene in E.coli，TCBS medium was used to select the suspected strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus （VP）. Primers were designed and synthesized to identify VP and amplify tdh gene based on the gene sequence from GenBank. The PCR gene product was ligated into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a，and then the recombinant plasmids pET-28a-tdh was transformed into E.coli Rosetta. TDH protein was expressed by IPTG induction. To prepare monoclonal antibody against TDH （thermostable direct hemolysin） produced by VP，the purified TDH was used to immune BALB/c mice. The hybrid tumor cells named as T9N10 were prepared to secrete monoclonal antibodies by conventional prepared techniques. The secreted monoclonal antibodies are IgG1，which was 146 000 weight，and showed strong specificity. Results provide new insights to immunological rapid detection and research.