Abstract:Phycocyanin is a kind of light-harvesting compound existed in Spirulina. In addition to providing energy for the survival of algae cells by capturing light，phycocyanin possesses many physiological functions such as anti-tumor，anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Fully understanding the physiological function and regulation mechanism of phycocyanin has important guiding significance to its development and utilization. This paper reviews the anti-tumor，anti-inflammatory，antioxidant and immunoregulatory activity functions of phycocyanin，analyzes the removal method of the key bottlenecks in the process of phycocyanin extraction-microcystin，and also puts forward a novel method of studying phycocyanin regulation mechanism. This present paper provides references for further investigation into regulation mechanisms of phycocyanin and development of safety drugs.

Abstract:Previously，a recombinant straincontaining the encoding gene of Bacillus circulans β-galactosidase，E.coli BL21 （DE3）/pET-20b-lac，was constructed in our laboratory. In this study，the strain was cultured in shake flask for 24 h，reaching an extracellular enzyme activity of 15 U/mL. The crude enzyme was used for the preparation of oligosaccharides. The reaction conditions，including initial pH，reaction temperature，lactose concentration，enzyme dosage and reaction time，forthe yield of galactooligosaccharides was optimized. The optimal conditions for the conversion was as the following：initial pH 6.5，reaction temperature 55 ℃，initial lactose concentration 700 g/L，enzyme concentration 8 U/mL. When the reaction was performed under this specified conditions，the galactooligosaccharide yield reached the maximum of 57% at 16 h.

Abstract:The subcellular structures of the second and sixth leaves of yellow tea cultivar "Zhonghuang 2" and normal green tea cultivar "Longjing 43" were studied by transmission electron microscope. It was found there were no significant differences in ultrastructure and distribution of nucleus，cytosol，mitochondrion and golgi apparatus. The largest difference was existed in chloroplast ultrastructure. Compared to Longjing 43，smaller chloroplasts and less grana lamellae were found in Zhonghuang 2. The chloroplast lamellae numbers were increased in the sixth leaves of Zhonghuang 2，but were still less than those in Longjing 43. The chloroplast lamellae numbers were consistent with the chlorophyll contents determined. Furthermore，the second leaves of Zhonghuang 2 turned green and the chloroplast lamellae numbers increased under shading treatment. In summary，it was the first finding that the yellow tea cultivar "Zhonghuang 2" was correlated with the biosynthesis of chloroplast lamellae，which will also be a basis for further understanding its yellowing mechanism in Zhonghuang 2.

Abstract:The non-cultured microbial xylanase gene X1-19 coming from metagenomics had been expressed on this paper by using Pichia pastoris as recombinant vector. The enzyme production conditions had been optimized. The results were shown as follows：the optimal methanol added final concentration was 1%，inoculum size was 8×108 / mL，the concentration of YNB was 1.2%，the initial pH value was 5，respectively. The highest enzyme yield was （79.0±2.2） U/mL. This research provided the theoretical basis for the heterologous expression of the non-cultured microbial xylanase gene，and had good prospects for industrial application.

Abstract:To prepare self-assembly hyaluronic acid-graft-poly（ethylene glycol），（HA-g-PEG） / hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin（HPCD） hollow nanospheres loaded with AAS（AHHPs），and then investigate the in vitro activity and stability difference between AHHPs and free AAS. AHHPs was prepared and the transmission electron microscopy，size，zeta potential，entrapment efficiency were detected. We investigated the in vitro activity and stability of AHRPs and free AN by measuring the optimum temperature，optimum pH，thermal stability，storage stability，pH stabilities，trypsin stabilities and plasma stabilities. The average particle size was（367.43±2.72） nm，zeta potential was（-15.70±1.25） mV，and the entrapment efficiency of UHPHD was（66.03±3.81） %. The optimum temperature and optimum pH of the AHHPs were 50 ℃ and 7.0，respectively；the optimum temperature and optimum pH of free AAS were 60 ℃and 7.5，respectively. The results of stability experiments showed that the stabilities of AHHPs were significantly superior to the free AAS. AHHPs can improve the activity of AAS and significantly enhance the stabilities of AAS in vitro.

Abstract:To develop a purine nucleoside phosphorylase which can hydrolysis nucleoside. Adding purine nucleoside phosphorylase to the mash liquid，it could increase the free purine content in wort，which were utilized by yeast during the fermentation stage. As result，the utilization of purine could improve，purine content decreased in beer. The gene deoD encoding PNPase was cloned into the expression vector pET-28a（+） and the expression vector was transformed into E.coli BL21（DE3） using chemical transformation. The activity of recombinant PNPase was analyzed and it was applied to the mashing process. The results showed that the enzyme activity of obtained recombinant PNPase was 184.46 U/mL. When it was added to the mash liquid，the free purine content in wort was increased. Thus，yeast could use more free purine，purine content decreased significantly in beer，laing the foundation for the further reduction of purine content in beer.

Abstract:The effects of the stability of soy protein emulsion，variety and amount of coagulants and small molecular surfactants on the structure and properties of soy protein emulsion gels were researched in detailed. Gel strength was determined by rheometer and texturalanalyzer. Gel structure was analyzed by Laser scanning confocal microscopy. Water holding capacity of gel were also determined. The results showed that better emulsion stability led to strongergel strength and better water-holding capacity. The strength and water-holding capacity of the gel induced by mixture of GDL and CaSO4 were better than that of gel induced by individual GDL or CaSO4.The addition ofTween 20 into emulsion was positive for the gel strength if the amount was higher than 0.4%（v/v）. Adding Soybean lecithin into emulsion was benefit for the water-holding capacity of gel，whereasno significanteffects on gel strength were observed.

Abstract:In this study，we established a rapid Brucella spp. detection method by combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification（LAMP） and lateral flow dipstick（LFD） examination. The method used four specific primers targeting to Brucella spp. OMP25 gene for LAMP and one fluorescein isothiocyanate（FITC）-labeled probe to specifically hybrid to the biotin-labeled LAMP product for LFD examination. The optimized amplification temperature and time were 63 ℃ and 50 min，respectively and the total procedure time was only 80 min by taking sample process into account. The established LAMP-LFD method could specifically detect Brucella spp.. Its detection sensitivity for pure bacterial culture reached 5.4×100 CFU/mL，100-fold lower than that of conventional PCR established using the outer primer set. Overall，the established LAMP-LFD method could rapidly and specifically detect Brucella spp. and is simple，economical and intuitive. In addition，it requires no other auxiliary equipment，thus it is suitable for basic laboratory tests，emergency use and in on-site monitoring and has high promotion value.

Abstract:To compare the main physicochemistry and aroma components in different fermentation degree of tea. The regular ingredients and active ingredients of green tea，Oolong tea，black tea and Tibet tea were determined；the aroma components were analyzed by headspace solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The moisture and ash content of four kinds of tea were almost similar，water-soluble matters and protein content of green tea were higher than those of Oolong tea，black tea and Tibet tea，on the other side，the crude fiber content is the lowest；the tea polyphenols and catechins contents of black tea and Tibet tea were lower obviously than those of green tea and Oolong tea，while caffeine content was slightly higher than green tea and Oolong tea；alcohols and olefins were the main aroma components of green tea，the main aroma components of black tea were ketones，alcohols，esters，aldehydes，and the main aroma components of Tibet tea wereketonesand esters，the aroma components content of Oolong tea not detected much and distributed balance relatively.

Abstract:Study on irradiation technology and sterilizing effect of quick-frozen asparagus，the D10 value of Staphylococcus aureus（ATCC 6538） and Enterohemorrhage E．Coli（ATCC 43895），product bioburden，sensory and nutritional qualities were determined with electron beams irradiation.The test results showed thatthe D10 value of Staphylococcus aureus，Enterohemorrhage E.coli were respectively 0.35 kGy and 0.25 kGy，among the asparagus inoculated with bacterial suspension.Radiation dose of 4.0 kGy，the colonies，mold and coliform bacteria were not detected.In addition to vitamin C decreased rapidly，sensory and nutritional indicatorsdid not obviously change. Penetration depth and Dose distribution of electron beams indicated that quick-frozen asparagus used double-sided irradiation，irradiation depth was 14.2cm，unevenness was 1.15. The doseless than 4.0 kGy was recommended to irradiate frozen asparagus，can effectively control food-borne pathogens and Guarantee products safety.

Abstract:Inorder to get the concentration of O2 and CO2 into the specified values as soon as possible，to improve the storage quality，this paper studied on the affecting factors of rapid oxygen reduction process in the CA room. This paper takes a CA room for apples in Xian as research object，by means of K-ε model establishing the three dimensional physical and mathematical models for gas flow，heat and mass transfer inside the CA storage. This paper solves the problems of the apples' changing respiration rate and the changing mass fractions of the velocity-inlet boundary by writing a UDF program. By numerical calculation we obtain the curves of O2 concentration varied with time in the CA storage，at the same time comparing the simulated results to the experimental data of the relative reference. The results show that the different nitrogen purity corresponds to the fastest oxygen-consumed interval. When the volume fraction of nitrogen is 96%，the time of rapid oxygen reduction process is the least. The respiration rate of fruits vary greatly which can significantly affect the time of the rapid oxygen reduction process.

Abstract:Trypsin was extracted from porcine pancreas，enzyme activity was used as the measurement index. On the basis of single factor experiment the orthogonal test was used to determine the optimization of parameters of trypsinogen activation. At the same time，the trypsin was purified using ion exchange chromatography. The effects of digestive BHK-21 and Vero cells were investigated. The results showed that the optimum conditions for activation of trypsinogen were as follows：activator concentration 0.2 mol/L，activation pH 8.5，16 ℃ for 1.5 h. Under these conditions，enzyme activity of trypsin was 2 953.68 U/mg. Trypsin was purified to activity get 3 980.42 U/mg with purification fold of 2.26 times onto a DEAE-sepharose-FF column. The cell culture results showed that BHK-21 and Vero cells were digestived 10 generation. The growth and proliferate well，every generation cell morphology was normal. The digestion time and cell proliferation concentration had no obvious difference with the products of Hyclone and Gibco. In conclusion，the process is simple and easy to be industrialized with short activate time. The study can be served as a scientific basis for the further exploitation，utilization and localization of trypsin.

Abstract:To establish an efficient 2-DE protocol for analysis of Poria cocos protein and identification of the selected protein spots，the total protein of flask liquid fermented P. cocos was separated by 2-DE and the selected protein spots were analysis by MALDI-TOF/TOF. The results showed an efficient 2-DE of flask liquid fermented P. cocos total protein was established，high quantity protein spots was obtained，most of protein spots had high resolution and clear background，and then the selected protein spots was identified. This study established an useful conduction of 2-DE of P. cocos protein，a high resolution and reproducibility 2-DE image which will be expected to have excellent applications in finding new important functional proteins with proteomics analysis.

Abstract:The bioconversion conditions on the production of 2-phenylethanol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae resting cell were optimized. Incubation time of resting cell，buffer solution and co-substrate of coenzyme NADH regeneration were determined. Based on the results of single factor test and Plackett-Burm design，three factors including concentration of co-substrate ethanol，pH and reaction temperature were picked out as prominent factors affecting bioconversion of 2-phenylthanol. The optimal bioconversion conditions were determined by Box-Benhnken design and response surface analysis，i.e.，ethanol concentration 16.5 g/L，pH 5.1，temperature 26 ℃，The yield of 2-phenylethanol reached 3.49 g/L，increased by 49.14% compared with the original condition. The cell could maintain their bioconversion activity in repeated utilization at least eight times. After 40 h bioconversion，9.34 g/L of 2-phenylethanol and 83.9% of transformation ratio were obtained under the condition of adding 10% macroporous resin in situ product removal，the yield of 2-phenylethanol increased 171.5%

Abstract:This experiment explored the adsorption capacity of L-glutamic acid-modified magnetic chitosan microspheres（GA- CMNs） for BSA. GA-CMNs was prepared by reverse phase suspension method，the effect of chitosan glutamic acid connection was detected by infrared spectrometer. Microsphere morphology was detected by SEM，and the particle size distribution of microspheres was detected by laser particle size analyzer. The effects of different pH value，NaCl concentration，BSA concentrations，adsorption time were studied on BSA with GA-CMNs，and the adsorption behavior was analyzed by adsorption kinetics and adsorption thermodynamics. The results showed that the optimum adsorption pH was 5，it was a positive correlation between adsorption time and concentration of BSA to adsorbing capacity of BSA，while the ionic strength was the opposite. The maximum amount of equilibrium adsorption was 83.5 mg/g when initial concentration of BSA was 1 mg/mL. This adsorption behavior was in accordance with the second dynamic model and Langmuir isothermal absorption models，3% NaCl was used as eluent，and elution rate was still higher than 90% when adsorption- elution cycles 5 times. GA-CMNs has good adsorption effect on BSA.

Abstract:The integrated ethanol-methane fermentation process can efficiently resolve the problems of massive energy consumption and high cost for wastewater treatment faced by corn ethanol production process. In this paper，effect of the integrated process on the quality of the dried distillers' grains（DDG）was studied. Results showed that DDG obtained from the integrated process contained higher concentration of protein and amino acid and lower concentration of inorganic salt，thereby having higher nutritional value compared with the conventional dry-grind process. Electronic nose and GC/MS were used to analyze the odor of the DDG，and it was found that DDG of the recycling batches showed some different with the first batch of DDG. However，feed intake of domestic animals was not influenced.