Abstract:Lycium ruthenicum murr. contains many physiologically active components，which have antibacterial，liver and kidney protection，antioxidation，anti-fatigue and immune functions. The paper reviewed the functional components，their extraction and analysis and the health benefits and aimed to support the further research of lyceum ruthenicum murr.

Abstract:In order to prevent the loss of grain mass and quality，a fast and efficient method for the early detection of insects in grains is urgently needed during trade and storage. Based on the biophoton analytical technology（BPAT），the experiments were made to measure spontaneous photon counts of wheat kernels and infested ones. Then statistical characteristics and histogram distribution were extracted and linear discriminant analysis（LDA） and quadratic discriminant analysis（QDA） were used to discriminate between normal and infested grains. In addition，due to the singularity and instability of the per class covariance matrices in the small sample，regularized discriminant analysis（RDA） was used to optimize QDA and increase the classification accuracy. Therefore，the proposed method is workable.

Abstract:The effect of NH4+ concentration on the expression of Rhizopus chinensis lipase by the recombinant Pichia pastoris was studied by high-density fed-batch fermentation in a 7 L bioreactor. The maximum activity was obtained when the concentration of NH4+ was maintained at 7 g/L adjusted with （NH4）2SO4 solution，as high as 1.41，1.11，1.08 fold of that of the control （without （NH4）2SO4 solution），and of the solution with 5 g/L or 10 g/L NH4+，respectively. The total protein concentration achieved a maximum value of 5.61 g/L under the optimal condition. The specific growth rate，the specific production rate and the specific consumption rate were also investigated under different NH4+ concentrations. A relative high specific production rate and the specific consumption rate were observed at 7 g/L of NH4+，which resulted in the highest level of enzyme production under the condition. Our research suggested that the optimization of nitrogen source could enhance the expression of heterologous protein significantly in P. pastoris.

Abstract:To study the effects of wheat gluten hydrolysates on the proliferation of yeast，we added the hydrolysates into maltose syrup and explored the effects and mechanism by measuring the degree of hydrolysis，molecular size，free amino acid composition and osmotic tolerance of yeast. Results showed that wheat gluten hydrolysates could provide nitrogen for the growth and proliferation of yeast；the yeast reached the best proliferation when DH was 8.7%；the most effectively used peptides were below 3ku；the free amino acid composition of small molecular weight peptides and the increased osmotic tolerance were both beneficial to the proliferation of yeast.

Abstract:In order to figure out the effect of ultrasound treatment on the late fermentation process，the change of routine physics and chemistry index and flavor compounds in different stage were investigated. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment for 5 min and 10 min per day accelerated the production of alcohol， whereas it can not significantly increase the alcohol content at the end of fermentation. The amino acids composition of rice wine treated by Ultrasound for 10 min per day on 17 days were similar to the rice wine with a normal fermentation for 20 days. Ultrasound treatment changed the composition of organic acids of rice wine on 20 days. These results preliminary indicated that applying ultrasound to the fermentation process of Chinese rice wine is feasible.

Abstract:Vitamin C （VC），as a kind of vitamins and antioxidants，is widely used in pharmaceutical，food，beverage，and feed industries.2-keto-L-gulonic acid （2-KLG） is the precursor of vitamin C. Recently，the two-step fermentation is used as the main route for vitamin C production. However，this route involves three microorganisms and requires an additional second sterilization process，which significantly increases the cost of both raw materials and energy requirement. Therefore，a one-step fermentation process is considered to be more cost-effective and revolutionary in VC industry. In order to overcome the disadvantages of plasmid overexpression，while the plasmid may be lost and need to add antibiotics in medium，the recombinant strain G. oxydans-ss was constructed by integrating sorbose dehydrogenase gene（sdh） and sorbosone dehydrogenase gene（sndh） from K.vulgare WSH-001 into the genome of G.oxydans WSH-003. This recombinant strain produced 37.6 g/L of 2-KLG after 72 h in 1 L fermentor. The overexpression of pyrroloquinolinequinone （PQQ），a cofactor of SDH and SNDH，has increased the yield of 2-KLG up to 44.5 g/L after 84 h. These results indicated the significant progress in vitamin C industry and show the possibility of development of one-step fermentation for 2-KLG production in future.

Abstract:Mortierella alpina possesses the excellent ability of using starch-based materials to produce arachidonic acid，while the production need to be verified in a fermentor. This study focused on fermentation and cell aging strategy to reduce production cost. Starch liquefaction was applied to improve media rheologyand dissolved oxygen.The results indicated that the best mixing speed and ventilation was 200 r/min and 1∶1，respectively. The study also found that the optimal temperature and aging time was 20 ℃ and 5 d respectively. Cell aging can effectively reduce the production cost while maintaining production. Arachidonic acid production reached 11.7 g/L when the optimal fermentation and cell aging strategy was employed which allowed large-scale production of arachidonic acid by using raw crop meals.

Abstract:Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003 is an L-sorbose production strain，mainly used of industrial production of Vitamin C. It can effectively oxidize D-sorbitol into L-sorbose with a high yield. The whole genome sequence of G. oxydans WSH-003 reveals that there are three different gene clusters for D-sorbitol dehydrogenase，whereas the gene expression of these three gene clusters in this strain has not been studied. In this study，two D-sorbitol dehydrogenases were proved to be PQQ dependent D-sorbitol dehydrogenase（PQQ-SLDH） and one was FAD dependent D-sorbitol dehydrogenase（FAD-SLDH） by using the BLAST software in NCBI. The transcription analysis of strain cells from 4 h，8 h，12 h，20 h and 40 h in fermentation cultivation were further studied using the high through-out RNA-Seq technology. The result showed that sldhAB2 on gene locus O1G_RS0104395/O1G_RS0104400 had a very low transcript level （FPKM，Fragments Per Kilobase of exon model per Million mapped reads） in all 5 time points，compared with the high FPKM of sldhAB1 on gene locus O1G_RS0105425/O1G_RS0105430 and sldSLC on gene locus O1G_RS0106820/O1G_RS0106825 /O1G_RS0106830. Here，we illustrated that the gene cluster sldSLC and sldAB1 played an important role in the oxidization of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose，which may contribute to the further study of D-sorbitol dehydrogenase genes in the strain.

Abstract:In order to study the structure and function of antimicrobial peptide from Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9，the molecular mass，amino acid sequence and secondary structure of antimicrobial peptide were analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry and FT-IR. The results indicated that the molecular mass of the peptide is 1 602.004 4 Da，and the primary structure of the peptide contains eleven amino acid residues，L-Y-K-L-V-K-V-V-L-N-M with a choline and a tenuazonic acid connected to the N-terminal and the C-terminal， respectively. The secondary structure mainly consists of β-turn and random coil. Antimicrobial assay indicated that the peptide is able to inhibit the growth both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with the MIC values of 7.81 μg/mL and 7.81~62.5 μg/mL respectively. The peptide also can inhibit the growth of the Penicillium sp and Aspergillus niger with the MIC value of 31.25 μg/mL and 62.5 μg/mL，repectively. The hemolytic results showed that the peptide exhibited hemolytic activity below 10% at 62.5 μg/mL，and more than 80% at 125 μg/mL. In addition，the peptide showed high thermal and pH stability and a strong resisted proteinases.

Abstract:Absorption amount of LDPE film on different kinds of flavor compounds （n-hexanal，butyl acetate，2-heptanone，octyl alcohol），and the influence of different levels of initial concentrations of flavor compounds as well as different storage temperatures on the polymers absorption properties were investigated by using GC method. The results showed that the absorption amount of LDPE on all flavor compounds were increased with a rise of initial concentrations. The external temperature was important by affecting the absorption progress. High temperature would accelerate the motilities of molecules resulting in higher degrees of absorption. However， high temperature also altered the solubility of flavor compounds in the water with a result of decrease in amount of absorption.

Abstract:The lipase gene was isolated from Burkholderia cepacia Lu10-1 by PCR amplification and separately inserted into different vectors，which was then transformed to Escherichia coli，Pichia pastoris and Bacillus subtilis，respectively. The recombinant lipase was expressed as inclusion bodies in E. coli，while no expression of lipase was detected in P. pastoris. In B. subtilis，the lipase was extracellular expressed with an enzyme activity of 13.8 U/mL in the supernatant after fermentation. In addition，the optimization of culture condition for the recombinant B. subtilis was investigated in flask and 3 L stirred tank fermentor，respectively. After cultivation at 37 ℃ with the initial pH of 6.5 and TB used as the starting medium，the lipase activity in 3 L fermentor reached to 34.5 U/mL，a 4.2-fold to that of the original strain.

Abstract:A gram-negative short rhabdoid bacillus G1 with the high enzymatic activity to produce lipase was first obtained by the enrichment using olive oil as the sole carbon，Victoria blue B plate screening and shaking culture re-screening. Homology search by 16S rDNA showed that the strain belonged to Burkholderia. The enzymatic activity of the resulting mutant G1-7-4 through the composite mutation of UV and ARTP was increased by 51.87%. Base on the response surface methodology，the optimal fermentation conditions were determined as 33.09 mL/L of corn oil，31.90 g/L of yeast extract and initial pH 6.67. With these parameters，the lipase activity reached 80.62 U/mL，which was 24.81 times compared to that in the initial condition. The resulting lipase had the optimal pH 8.0，the active temperature range of 30-80 ℃ and the optimal temperature of 50 ℃.

Abstract:Indocalmus leaf is rich in flavonoids，which have various kinds of biological activities. Indocalmus leaves were collected from Songyang（Zhejiang province），Wuyi（Zhejiang province），Huangshan（Anhui province），Guangze（Fujian province） and Ningdu（Jiangxi province）. Samples were extracted by 50% ethanol and flavonoids including isoorientin，orientin，vitexin and isovitexin were then determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. Results indicated the richness of favonoids in samples and the difference among isoorientin，orientin，vitexin and isovitexin in Indocalmus leaves from different regions，and thus provided a reference for deep research and development of Indocalmus leaf.

Abstract:A strain with laccase activity，，which was screened from bagasse filter mud，was named as SYBC X1. On the basis of its 16S rRNA gene-sequencing analysis，morphological observation，physiological and biochemical tests，the strain of bacteria X1 was classified as the genus of Kocuria. The effects of carbon sources，nitrogen sources and metal ions on laccase production were studied by liquid fermentation. The optimal carbon source was α-lactose（15 g/L） and the optimal nitrogen source was soy peptone（40 g/L）. The concentrations of cupric ion and manganese ion were optimized as 3 mmol/L and 0.4 mmol/L，respectively.

Abstract:In order to obtain the Se-enriched probiotics strains which could tolerate high NaSeO3 concentration，7 strains of yeast and 12 strains of Lactobacillus were screened in this study. Results showed that all strains could grow on the plate with NaSeO3 concentrations of 20~80 μg/mL. Among them，strains of yeast FJYJM3 and Lactobacillus YQRS had higher tolerance and se-enriched ability. The optimization fermentation conditions showed that strain of YQRS had the highest se-enrichment when the addition concentration of NaSeO3 was 15 μg/mL and it was added at beginning of logarithmic phase. The biomass was 2.66 g/L and the total selenium content could reach to 2 300.26 μg/L. However，strain of FJYJM3 had the highest se-enrichment when the addition concentration of NaSeO3 was 20 μg/mL at beginning of logarithmic phase. Its biomass was up to 4.86 g/L and the total selenium content could reach to 5 790.99 μg/L.