Abstract:As one of the main water pollutants, the nitrogen removal from wastewater has been increasingly considered. Generally, traditional nitrogen removal process would lead to the highly cost, secondary pollution and the successive treatments. In contrast, the newly arising bio-electrochemical system(BES) based wastewater denitrification was being widely concerned, due to its energy saving, less sludge production, capable of simultaneous denitrification & desalination. In this study, three possible aspects as the configuration of BES reactor, the selection of electrode material and the optimization of BES operating parameters were all summarized and then compared. To further push the pilot application of BES based nitrogen removal, there is still a lot to do, such as to better the electron transfer efficiency, and to cut down the reactor manufacturing and operating costs.

Abstract:Macrofungi are those fungi with large fruit bodies, and they are a rich source of foods and medicines. Many of them have significant antioxidant activity.The review documented the chemical structures and antioxidant activity of the low-molecular-weight secondarymetabolites from macrofungi. The aim of this review is to help the researches on the activity screening, chemical analysis and exploitation of macrofungi.

Abstract:In order to achieve the high production of keratinase by recombinant Bacillus subtilis WB600, fermentation conditions and feeding strategy were optimized in 3 L fermentor, and a fed-batch fermentation was establishde. The results showed that, using a two-stage pH control strategy in which pH was controlled at 7.0 for the first 4 h and then 8.0 for remaining time and a mixed feeding strategy in which keeping the exponential feeding from 6 h to 15 h(6~11 h μ was 0.15 h-1, 11~15 h μ was 0.1 h-1) and then constant-fed fermentation for remaining time, the keratinase activity reached 864 U/mL. The keratinase activity reached a leading level at home, and the keratinase reached 2 900 U/mL overseas.This work reached a high keratinase productivity and it is a stable theroret-ics for the fermention sacle-up process of keratinase.

Abstract:23 strains are isolated from five kinds of yoghurt and pickles. Six strains were obtained by screening comprised approach of TLC and HPLC .The high-yield GABA producing strain S9 was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum based on individual form, colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular biology features. Optimized fermentation medium is just as below: carbon source is sucrose(15 g/L), nitrogen source is compound nitrogen source(25 g/L), initial pH 6.2, 1 mmol/L Zn2+ and Mn2+, monosodium glutamate(10 g/L). Under the condition of the medium before, the best cell age is 20 h. The final GABA conversion is 3.9 g/L.

Abstract:The effects of three inhibitors(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium nitrite and magnesium chloride) on the bacterial motilities of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated by testing the flagellum-mediated swimming, flagellum-mediated swarming, and type IV pilus-mediated twitching on different plates. The motilities were evaluated by measuring the size of colony in the culture adding with EDTA, sodium nitrite and MgCl2, respectively. The results showed that the three types of the motilities could be inhibited by EDTA, sodium nitrite, and magnesium chloride, and the effective concentrations of the three inhibitors in plates were 0.10 mmol/L, 50 mg/L, and 15.0 g/L, respectively. The results indicated that EDTA, sodium nitrite, and magnesium chloride have the strong influence on the motilities of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, so the three inhibitors can effective control the contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Abstract:The amphiphilic random polymer P(MMA-co-MAA) micelle was firstly applied to encapsulate paclitaxel with dialysis method. Critical micelle concentration(CMC) of amphiphilic random polymer P(MMA-co-MAA) was measured using the fluorescent probe method. The Zeta potential and the size of polymeric micelles were measured to compare loading micelle with blank micelle. The influences of the amounts of paclitaxel on encapsulation efficiency and loading content were investigated. Drug release was also studied in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). The result showed CMC of P(MMA-co-MAA) was 0.050 mg/mL as the monomer ratio of the hydrophobic monomer MMA to the hydrophilic monomer MAA was 7∶3. The encapsulation efficiency and loading content were 85.2% and 18.0%, respectively, as the content of paclitaxel added in polymeric micelle was 21%. Once loading paclitaxel, polymeric micelle became about twice as big as the blank micelle; and Zeta potential became more negative. The loading micelles release paclitaxel stably in 140 hours in phosphate buffer, which revealed that the paclitaxel loading micelles had an effective sustained-release effect.

Abstract:Basing on the HP model of protein spatial structure, this paper searches the protein three-dimensional structure of the influenza A(H1N1) virus according to the method of ab initio. This paper establishes the 3DHP model of the Influenza A(H1N1) virus protein spatial structure and uses the improved genetic algorithm to find the structure with minimum free energy, aiming at predicting the influenza A(H1N1) virus protein three-dimensional structure. Before correlation analysis and significance test, protein spatial structure data establishes distance matrices. The significance is to illustrate the highly consistent relationship between prediction structure and known structure. The model provides a quick method to predict the spatial structure of the influenza a (H1N1) virus.

Abstract:In order to achieve more efficient production of L-sorbose from D-sorbitol by Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003, an engineered strain G. oxydans SLDH with overexpressed sorbitol dehydrogenase gene sldhAB was constructed. Effect of immobilized cells on a combination carrier of sodium alginate and diatomite to produce L-sorbose was investigated. Feeding strategies of immobilized fermentation were optimized in 1-L fermentor. A fed-batch fermentation model was established based on the kinetic model of D-sorbitol consumption in batch fermentation. By self-overexpressing the sldhAB gene in G. oxydans, the yields of L-sorbose increased by 20.3% while the fermentation time was shortened by 1/3 compared to the control strain in 1-L fermentor. Besides, the L-sorbose yield was raised by 30.3% using the fed-batch fermentation with a 19 days fermentation period in a bioreactor.

Abstract:In order to understand the changes of aroma components in orange cyst after high hydrostatic pressure processing, analysis of aroma components was carried out by Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS). The results showed that the main flavour compounds in orange cyst were limonene, fanlun orange vinyl, ginseng squalene, ethyl butyrate, sunflower aldehyde, carvone , linalool and terpineol. The mass fraction of limonene reached 62.68%, which was the main flavour components in orange cyst. Ultra high pressure treatment had significantly changed the flavour compounds, the relative contents of alcohols in orange cyst slightly decreased while the numbers and species of alkenes and esters decreased obviously. Results showed that the contents of limonene dramatically decreased by 89.8% after high hydrostatic pressure processing of 500 MPa for 5 min. However, the numbers and species of aldehydes and ketones both increased with the contents of carvone increasing by 13 times after high hydrostatic pressure processing of 300 MPa for 15 min. These all related to the increasing of temperature caused by the effects of ultra high pressure, meanwhile, the results also showed that sample could keep its flavour compounds after high hydrostatic pressure processing of 300 MPa for 5 min.

Abstract:Raman spectroscopy has been used widely in the field of biology in recent years due to its characteristics of fast, real-time and non-destructive analysis. In this paper, laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy(LTRS) was applied to detect the carotenoid content in Rhodotorula glutinis cells. Based on this, Plackett-Burman design was applied for evaluating effects of related factors on carotenoid production of Rhodotorula glutinis fermentation. Results showed that the factors including glucose, tryptone, pH and temperature presented the most major affecting on carotenoid yield. Then Box-Benhnken Design combined with response surface methodology was employed to optimize the most important effect factors of carotenoid yield. The optimal fermentation conditions for high carotenoid production consisted of 42.86 g/L glucose, 5 g/L tryptone, 5 g/L yeast extract, 1 g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 g/L Magnesium sulfate, pH 7.0 with the temperature at 28.3℃. This optimization resulted in an increase of carotenoid yield with an improvment of 45% when compared with no optimizing.

Abstract:Research purpose of the paper was comparing the commonly identification methods of Artificial antigen, such as Native-PAGE electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and UV spectro-photometry. In the paper, as the fungicide chlorothalonil was the based compound to preparate the artificial antigens. Native-PAGE electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and UV spectro-photometry were used of qualitative analysising the artificial antigens, respectively. The results showed that the UV spectrophotometry identification method might cause the false positive, but it still could calculate the coupling ratio of the artificial antigen. If the false positive artificial antigen was used as immunizing antigen, the titer of antibody be low, while, the recognition ability with the carrier protein be strength, which is not suitable for establishing the immunoassay technology.

Abstract:The objective of this study is to determine the amino acid sequence of antibacterial peptide function units from Lacticacid bacteria fermented liquid, it has important significance for deep understanding of the antibacterial principle and practical application.According to the AssayMAP Bravo protein purification system, the experiment used the RPHPLC-MS method, got three components of high purity and high antibacterial activity from the 3.5 KDa small antibacterial peptide samples by using Gel-Filtration Chromatography, two-steps Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography and two-dimensional Mass Spectrometry. The amino acid sequence of three antibacterial peptide function units had been measured, respectively were Phe-Tyr-Pro-Ser-Tyr-Ala, Asn-Glu-Arg-His and Lys-Glu-Ile-Thr-Pro-Ser-Glu-Arg. The experimental conclusion is that the antibacterial function units of small peptide consists of three short peptides, using this method can effectively extract and detection of the small antibacterial peptide, and the amino acid composition of 3.5 KDa small antibacterial peptide is different from Nisin.

Abstract:In order to investigate the feasibility of Pleurotus cornucopiae stembase as a substrate for producing natural red pigment through the liquid fermentation, we evaluated the effects of P. cornucopiae stembase on mycelium growth and pigment yield of Monascus purpureous MR02 through measuring the colony diameter, mycelium biomass and pigment values during plate culture and liquid fermentation. The results showed that general medium supplemented with the P. cornucopiae stembase powder can promote the mycelium growth and pigment production of M. purpureous MR02; through the cultivation of the P. cornucopiae stembase and rice powder as substrate, a certain amount of mycelium biomass and red pigment was tested in the fermentation broth of only P. cornucopiae stembase as a substrate; and culvivated by P. cornucopiae stembase as a substrate, we found that the growth curves of M. purpureous MR02 were in accordance with the growth curves of multi-cellular microorganism; through the cultures of M. purpureous MR02 under different concentrations of P. cornucopiae stembase as the substrate, mycelium biomass of 5.52 g/L and pigment values of 72.92 U/mL were obtained during the liquid fermentation of 144 h and 216 h by using 12% of P. cornucopiae stembase, respectively. Therefore, it is feasible to exploit the P. cornucopiae stembase as a substrate for producing natural red pigment by M. purpureous MR02.

Abstract:Analyzing the genetic relationships of the main Auricularia auricular cultispecies in Qinba mountainous area by ITS sequence so as to lay a theoretical foundation to genetics and breeding. Using CTAB method to extract genomic DNA from the bacterial strain, Auricularia auricular, and amplifying and sequencing PCR products; Auricularia auricula-judae 2 and Auricularia auricula-judae HF-8(GQ168492) were clustered in the same branch, Auricularia auricula-judae 913 and Auricularia auricula-judae YBS-7(GQ168503) were clustered in the same branch, but the genetic relationship between Auricularia auricula-judae Shennong A8 and the Auricularia auricula-judae 2, Auricularia auricula-judae 913 were relatively alienative. Auricularia auricula-judae 97-2, Auricularia auricula-judae NW482(EU520194), the Auricularia auricula-judae 268 and Auricularia auricula-judae NW491 (EU520160) were clustered in the same branch. However the genetic relationships among Auricularia auricula-judae Qindan 4, Auricularia auricula-judae 97-2, Auricularia auricula-judae 268 were relatively alienative. The genetic relationships among Auricularia auricula-judae Xinke, Auricularia auricula-judae 2, Auricularia auricula-judae 913 and Auricularia auricula-judae Shennong A8 were close. However, the relationships between Auricularia auricula-judae 268, Auricularia auricula-judae Qindan 4# and Auricularia auricula-judae 97-2 were quite far. Through the morphologic and ITS analysis of Auricularia auricular strains, two dominant strains, Auricularia auricula-judae Qindan 4# and Auricularia auricula-judae Shennong A8, have alienative relationship. Our findings established a solid foundation to genetics and breeding.

Abstract:The research aimed to study the effect of Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharides on the growth of human gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 and explore the correlation between the antitumor activity of polysaccharides and the expression of related genes. MTT assay of the growth of SGC-7901 cells treated with different fractions and concentrations of polysaccharides from D. huoshanense showed that total polysaccharides of D. huoshanense(DHP) and its two fractions (DHP-1 and DHP-2) could significantly inhibit SGC-7901 cells growth in a time- and dose- dependent manner. Light and laser scanning confocal microscope observation found that DHP-2 treatment caused SGC-7901 cells to become shrunk and apoptotic. qRT-PCR analysis displayed that DHP-2 not only obviously reduced the expression of gene c-myc, which were only account for 42.34% that of control, but also vastly increased the expression of gene p53, which was 1.04 fold higher than that of control. These results suggested that the inhibitory effect of D. huoshanense polysaccharides on human gastric cancer cell growth depends on its fraction, concentration and treatment time, which might be mediated by down-regulation of gene c-myc expression and up-regulation of gene p53 expression.

Abstract:The degradation kinetics of 4 anthocyanins extracts from Solanum nigrum L. berries under different pH and temperature was investigated. The results as follows: the degradation of anthocyanins from Solanum nigrum L. berries follows the first-order reaction kinetics. The reaction rate constant of the anthocyanins degrading reaction was increased in exponential pattern as the temperature went up and the half-life was reduced in exponential pattern. 60 ℃ and 70 ℃, the reaction rate constant of crud and purified extracts degrading reaction were increased in logarithmic pattern as the pH went up and the half-life was reduced in exponential pattern. The reaction rate constant of fraction 1 and fraction 2 degrading reaction were increased in as the exponential pattern pH went up and the half-life was reduced in exponential pattern.However, 80 ℃ and 90 ℃, the rate constants and half-life were not changed regularly. 4 kinds of anthocyanins extracts were stability relatively under 60 ℃ pH 1.0, and crud extracts was more stable than the other three. These results indicated that the anthocyanins suited to cold-process for food coloring.