Abstract:This paper summarized the bioactivities and safety issues of plant polyphenols and flavonoids which include: tea polyphenol,Glycyrrhizin flavonoids,bamboo leave flavonoids,and soy isoflavones.The functions of fruit extracts,such as grape extracts,waxberry extracts,olive extracts,hawthorne berry extracts on human health are also introduced.The current world market for plant anitoxidants provides information for both researchers and manufacturers.

Abstract:The aim of this manuscript is to prepare the catalase-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using the W/O/W double emulsion and solvent evaporation techniques.The results showed that PLGA was an efficient emulsifier for the preparation,the concentration of PLGA had an effect on the particle size and zeta potential.From the results we can conclude that the sonication time for the W/O emulsion was 20 s,the sonication time for the W/O/W double emulsion was 30s,Methylene chloride/acetone(1/1) was selected as the organic solvent,the concentration of PLGA was 15%,and the encapsulation efficiency was achieved at 58.75%,also we got the homogeneous particles.The vitro release results showed Higuchi equation could apply to this release curves.This results presented here indicated that the carrier can prolong the action time of the catalase.The CAT structure also was not damaged during this process through determining the activity.

Abstract:More than 100 bacteria were isolated from the fermented food such as ham,yogurt,and pickle in this study.With Cholesterol-reducing ability inMRS-CHOL medium as index,one strain was screened and named as JH-1.The cholesterol removarate of strain JH-1 is 48.68%.Upon chemotaxonomic characterization and phylogenetic inference based 16S rDNA analysis,the strain JH-1 was identified as Lactobacillus brevis strain.The removal cholesterol ability of Lactobacillus brevis JH-1 was studied.The result listed as follows: the cultivation time is 48h,the inoculation percentage is 3%,the temperature is 37℃,the initial pH of the media is 6 and the cholesterol contents is 1mg/mL.Lactobacillus brevis JH-1 has the best removal cholesterol ability.

Abstract:Surface Response Methodology(RSM) was used to simultaneous analysis the content of pork,fat,starch on the quality of fish sausage in this study.Fish Sausage quality was determined by measuring textural and sensory acceptability.The results showed that starch addition significantly increased hardness and chewiness but has less effect on the springiness and cohesiveness.It was found that hardness,springiness and chewiness values increased with the decreasing of fat reduction.The textual and overall flavor of fish sausage was affected by increasing the proportion of meat and surimi.The optimized parameters are 8.8% starch,7.8% fat and the proportion of meat and surimi 1∶4 by RSM.

Abstract:Upconversion nanophosphors were prepared by a solvothermal method.Then the surface of the upconversion nanophosphors was capped with silica by a modified Stber method.It was further treated with silane coupling agent to modify amino groups onto the surface of the nanophosphors.Finally,avidin was coupled onto the surface of the nanophosphors using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker.So,a avidin-functionalized upconversion nanophosphors was successfully prepared.The nanophosphors together with its functionalized process were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy,respectively.The results suggested that the functionalized nanophosphors have successfully conjugated with avidin and still keep its upconversion luminescence property.

Abstract:The total content of nutrient is an important index for evaluating the quality of casein-dextran copolymer micellers as a delivery system.Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as a surfactant can be used to disorganize copolymer micellers and make coenzyme Q10 solubilize in water for quantitative analysis.In this study,the recovery rate of coenzyme Q10 from blank casein-dextran copolymer micellers ranged from(98.77±1.60) % to(95.90±0.80) % with conditions as follows: SDS concentration 0.31 mol/L,incubation temperature 30 ℃,sodium borohydride(7 mg/mL) dL,reduction time 3~5 min.The analysis of synchronous and exogenous fluorescence spectra indicated that the hydrophobic region of casein unit of copolymer was partly changed during solubilization at SDS concentration form 0 to 0.5 mol/L.The interaction between SDS and hydrophobic region was not influenced by temperature when the concentration of SDS was 0.31 mol/L.

Abstract:In this study,three coating solutions were prepared and its effect on the refrigerated lotus rhizones quality was investigated.The formulations were based on chitosan alone,and in combination with nano-SiOx,and nano-SiOx and SnCl2,and with the uncoated sample as a control.All products were stored at 0-10℃ and the quality parameters such as weight loss,respiration rate,L-value,PPO activity,soluble sugar content,reducing sugar content,firmness and preservation index were evaluated.The results showed that the coating of chitosan in combination with nano-SiOx was the most effective in keeping the quality of lotus rhizones by retarding weight loss,respiration,sugar consumption,color darkening and hardness drop,while adding SnCl2 to which didn’t have a positive influence on the quality of lotus rhizones during storage.

Abstract:The aim of this manuscript is develop a production process of prepared duck tongue with high-chewing.For this,the infiltration of precipitation reagent combined with vacuum microwave drying was explored to improve product quality.Compared with the product by hot air drying,the product characteristics have been effectively improved in the shape and color exhibited improvement.The optimum solution composition is lactose 5 g/100m,maltose 1 g/100m,maltodextrin 1 g/100m and sodium lactate 3 g/100m was 5,1,1,3 g/dL solution,the ratio of solid to liquid is 1 g∶15 mL,impregnated time 1h,vacuum microwave drying,Those optimum conditions efficiently improve the product quality and extend shelf life.

Abstract:In order to have low antigentic egg white product,different enzymes like proteolytic enzymes and non-proteolytic oxidase as well as normal heating applications were utilized to treat egg white.Results of enzyme-liked-immunosorbent assay indicated that egg white treated with bromelain reduced 79.63% of its antigenicity,glucose oxidase and pasteurization(121 ℃,10 min) caused its antigenicity reduced 25.92% and 20.4% respectively.

Abstract:The waxy corn starch-based wood adhesive was prepared in aqueous medium with the APS as the initiator,the vinyl acetate as the monomer.The effects of the adding amount of APS,grafting reaction temperature,pH,grafting reaction time、dripping time of monomer,the mass radio of monomer and starch,the degree of heat treatment temperature on the graft polymerization was studied.And the optimum conditions were acquired and listed as follows: an APS quantity of 1.16% of dry starch weight,a reacting temperature of 70 ℃,an reacting time of 3.5 h,a monomer’s adding rate of 0.1058 mL/(kg·s),a mass radio between monomer with starch of 6:5 and the heat treat conditions of 85 ℃30 min,the graft radio is largest up to 50.83%.The percent grafting and the average molecular weight of branched chain both have an good effect on the bonding strength,besides the percent grafting has a greater effect on the bonding strength than the average molecular weight of branched chain’s.

Abstract:Changes in chemical and physical properties of duck egg of saline salting and plant ash salting were determined in this manuscript.The results indicated that the DHA content in egg yolk of saline salting was more than two times of that of plant ash salting,but the stearic acid content was only two thirds of that of plant ash salting and no significant differences in other fatty acids.No differences in protein patterns of either egg white or egg yolk were observed of saline salting and plant ash salting.For egg white,ovalbumin was the major protein with molecular weight(MW) of 45kDa and egg yolk was low-density lipoproteins(LDL) apoprotein with MW of 100kDa and high-density lipoprotein(HDL) apoprotein with MW of 46kDa and 66kDa.Hardening ratio of egg yolk of plant ash salting was higher than that of saline salting,and oil exudation ratio of saline salting was lower than that ofplant ash salting.Much more pore canals were observed in egg shell surface of of plant ash salting than that of saline salting and its surface was much rougher.The diameter of shell membrane fibers were also shorter than that of saline salting due to dehydration.It’s obviously observed that oil in egg yolk lipoprotein were separated from apoprotein by using this two methods,but oil separated of plant ash salting were more than that of saline salting and the diameter of the protein granule were at range of 0.2～2 μm.

Abstract:The effect of reaction time on the formation rules of volatiles and L-arabinose/cysteine system kinetic properties were investigated in this manuscript.It was found that that:(1)the higher temperature favored to the formation of meaty flavors;(2)the acidic condition help to the formation of furyl-containing compounds;(3) the largest quantity of volatiles produced in pH5;(4)As the contrary,basic condition was beneficial to browning.The volatile compounds changed differently as the increasing time and most of meaty flavor compounds maximized at the time of 60~120min.But the quantity of alcohols,aldehydes,ketones and phenols decreased with the increasing of time.

Abstract:Maillard reaction was occured by heating chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) with glucose and maltose separately(the ratio of —NH2 and —OH was 3∶1).The absorbance and fluorescence were determined during the reaction.Two kinds of chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives were extracted,named CG and CM.Chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives were characterized by FTIR and their molecular weight was determined by GPC.Their antioxidant activity was investigated by employing various established in vitro systems,such as superoxide/1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radicals scavenging and reducing power.The results showed two kinds of the chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives showed strong antioxidant activity compared with chitosan oligosaccharide.The antioxidant activity was found to be in the order of CG>CM>COS,which indicated that the derivatives prepared by monosaccharide had the better antioxidant activity.

Abstract:Starch is the highest content of Euryale ferox,its structure and characteristic are critical index for application.Some physical and chemical properties of Euryale ferox starch with potato starch and corn starch were compared in this study,including surface structure,freeze-thaw stability,solubility,swelling power,transparency,amyloes and amylopectin content and viscosity characteristic curve.The results indicated that the value of solubility,swelling power,transparency and peak viscosity is lower than that of potato or corn starch,but the pasting temperature value and the content of amylase are superior to those of potato starch or maize starch,the freeze-thaw stability is close to corn starch.

Abstract:In order to increase the utilization rate of resources,the process parameters for extracting the polyphenol from solid waste of processed Ipomoea batatas Lam.was studied using single factor experiment and the orthogonal tests in this manuscript.The optimum extraction process conditions determined and listed as follows: ethanol 55%,temperature 50 ℃,extraction time of 70 min,and ratio of materials and solution was 1∶20(W∶V).The results also showed that the polyphenolic extract had the ability to clear away H2O2 and the deoxidizing ability,and is a promising natural antioxidant.

Abstract:A method for simultaneous determination of tributyltin(TBT) and triphenyltin(TPhT) in rice by GC-FPD was developed in this study.The sample was extracted with CH2Cl2 by ultrasonic and derivatived with NaBEt4,then cleaned up by a column filled with florisil.After that,the extract was determined by GC-FPD,the various factors influencing analysis results were explored.The results present the good linearities between analytical signal and analyte concentration in the range of 0.1～10 mg/L with the linear correlation coefficients of 0.9990,0.9995,respectively.For TBT and TPhT,the method detect limit was 0.049 mg/kg and 0.075 mg/kg,respectively.The average recoveries obtained from samples spiked with standards at the concentration levels of 0.5 mg/L,5.0 mg/L and 10 mg/L was in the range of 96.4%～109.4% with relative standard derivation of 4.09%～8.46%.A satisfactory result was obtained in the determination of organotin compounds in rice.

Abstract:The freshwater fish were selected as materials,and a HPLC-RI method for detecting reducing sugars,phosphorylated reducing sugars and sucrose from fish meat and other foods was established in this study.The chromatographic conditions of reducing sugars were investigated and optimized.A Hypersil NH2(4.6 250 mm,2.5 μm) column was used,the mobile phases were 80% ethanol and 20% purified water at the flow rate of 0.6 mL/min,the column temperature was 25 ℃,and the differential refractive index detector temperature was 40 ℃.Ethanol/water(80% v/v) was used to extract mono-and disaccharides from dorsal and belly of fish,and adding resin to remove the amino acids and salts from the extract.The sugars in fish dorsal and belly were determined by the established HPLC-RI method.Phosphorylated sugars were first dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase and then determined by the same method.The result showed that the method had a good resolution and good linearity,the recovery rate was between 70.2% and 98.5%,and the RSD of repeatability were all lower than 5%.The result of detection showed that there were differences in category and content of sugars between different parts of fish.

Abstract:With the aim of control the pollution of phthalic acid esters in plastic bottled edible oil,the corresponding method for phthalic acid esters by GC-MS was developed in this manuscript.The sample was dissolved in hexane and purified by florisil solid-phase extraction column.Then it measured by GC-MS,using external standard method to quantitative analysis.In the 1.0~50.0 mg/L scope,it has the good linear relationship(r>0.999 8);lowest detectable limit smaller than 0.03 mg/L;the recovery rate of the phthalic acid esters at 5 mg/kg,10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg addition were ranged from 88.85% to 101.83%,the relatively standard deviation is in1.44%~2.77%.When it measured between 0 to 24 hours,the relatives standard deviation is smaller than 2.06%.This method can effectively eliminate the interference of other matrix from edible oil.The relative standard deviation of standard and sample experimental precision are within 0.51% and 1.37%.The results shows that this method is simple,rapid,stable,sensitive and accurate for qualitative and quantitative determination of phthalic acid esters from edible oil.

Abstract:The target of this study is to exoplore the apoptotic mechanism of endothelial cells through detecting relevanting apoptosis index.For this,EC were cultured with trans C18∶1 at different concentrations,then the morphological changes of endothelial cells were observed through giemsa staining.The apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry.The activity of caspase-3 was detected by spectrophotography after endothelial cells treated with trans C18∶1.The cell viability was measured by MTT after endothelial cells cultured with trans C18∶1 and caspase inhibitor for 24～48 h.Results: The number of apoptotic cells raised and endothelial cells displayed classical apoptotic morphology after endothelial cells cultured with trans C18∶1.The activity of caspase-3 ascended and the caspase inhibitor could protect endothelial cells from trans C18∶1.

Abstract:The gene lysC1 encoding aspartate kinase AK-1 from a Brevibacterium lactofermentum L-isoleucine producer was sequenced.Compared with the lysC from Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032,there were deletions of two nucleotides 1186G and1187C,leading to the pre-termination of translation.In addition,the following two mutated sites were also identified in lysC1: Ala 279 Thr and Ser 317 Ala.In Escherichia coli BL21,the expression level of lysC1 was lower than that of lysC from B.lactofermentum ATCC13869.The AK-1 had a lower apparent value of specific activity than the wild type AK,but it was not sensitive to the feedback inhibition by the mixture of L-lysine and L-threonine.lysC1 was cloned into an E.coli-Brevibacterium flavum shuttle expression vector pDXW-8 and transformed into wild type B.lactofermentum ATCC13869.The recombinant strain ATCC13869/pDXW-8-lysC1 accumulated 7.5 g/L L-lysine after 90 h flask fermentation and 40 g/L after 72 h batch fermentation.These results would be very useful for constructing a genetically identified L-lysine producing strain with minimum genetic alterations.

Abstract:A fusant which could be resistant to high concentration of glucose was screened by fusing protoplasts in this study.The L-valine overproducing fusant was derived from Brevibacterium flavum NV128 and JV16(Leu-Ile-Met-),and was screened on high-glucose gradient plates by means of fusing the single inactivated protoplasts and diethylsulfate(DES) treatment.At the same time,three different conditions(penicillin,lysozyme and osmotic stabilizer)affecting the formation and regeneration of protoplasts were studied and the optimum conditions were determined.Under the optimum conditions,the titer of L-valine achieved at 46.8g/L after 72h culture,and the yield of L-valine on glucose was 27.7%.

Abstract:A mutated strain of Bacillus pumilus M-F641 was used for production of ω-hydroxy fatty acids(ω-HFA)by bio-conversion of oleic acid.The optimum carbon source of the medium and fermentation conditions were investigated for the cell growth,NADPH content and conversion yield of oleic acid as index.On the basis of single factor experiment,the optimal fermentation condition was obtained by response surface methodology,using the oleic acid conversion rate as index.Further experiment was conducted under the optimal culture condition.The optimum conditions were listed as follows:the glucose concentration 20 g/L,the environmental conditions were 30℃,pH 7.4 and 60 mL in 250mL flask,respectively.Under the optimum conditions,oleic acid transformation yield was achieved at 74.58%,and the ratio of ω-HFA with total oleic acid was 22.3%.ω-HFA production yield was significantly improved under the optimized fermentation conditions.

Abstract:In this manuscript,,the predominant microbes were isolated from Kombucha by different medium,8.3 106 cfu/mL of yeasts and 1.4 107 cfu/mL of acetic bacteria were obtained.There were 4 strains of yeasts and 2 strains of acetic bacteria through purified from different colonies.By molecular identified and phylogenic analyzed,the isolate AC1 was identified as Acetobacter senegalensis,AC2 as Gluconacetobacter saccharivoran,Y1 as Pichia membranifaciens,Y2 as Pichia galeiformis,Y3 as Dekkera anomala,Y4 as Zygosaccharomyces bailii.

Abstract:The transport of PHFP across a Caco-2 monolayer was studied in this manuscript.The results showed that the absorption quantity of PHFP increased either AP→BL or BL→AP.After adding the inhibitor of P-glycoprotein verapamil,the permeability coefficient(AP→BL) increased from 6.83 ×10-7 cm/min to 8.16 ×10-7 cm/min,and the permeability coefficient(BL→AP) decreased from 8.84×10-7 cm/min to 2.20×10-7cm/min.This results indicated that there existed an efflux system and parts of PHFP were metabolized by metabolic enzymes of cells during the transport,and the metabolism yield of PHFP decreased after adding verapamil.

Abstract:Based on the sequence alignment of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,two pairs of primers were designed and synthesized in this study.Using the total DNA of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as template,the gene of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase(bgl) was amplified by PCR,which has about 750 bp in length.The gene was cloned into pTG19-T Easy vector,and the recombinant plasmid was identified by PCR,restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing.The homology analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequences of the cloned β-1,3-1,4-glucanase gene similar to the B.amyloliquefacines(M15674),B.subtilis(D00518) and B.licheniformis(AY365256)were 99%,95% and 94%,respectively.

Abstract:With milk and kudzu root as main materials,the processing technology of kudzu root yogurt was studied by orthogonal experimental design.The results showed that excellent quality kudzu root yogurt could be produced under the conditions of 3% fermentation agent(1∶1 mixture of L.bulgaricus and St.thermophilus),mixture of kudzu root juice and milk based on the proportion 3∶7,6% sucrose and 5 hours fermentation at 42 ℃.The flavonoid of the product was 0.11 mg/mL.

Abstract:In this study,macroporous resin was used to extract cordycepin from fermentation broth of Cordyceps militaris.By compared with the adsorption and desorption effects of six kinds of macroporous resins to cordycepin,NKA-Ⅱ macroporous resin exhibited the excellent characteristics for cordycepin purification.Through optimization of static and dynamic parameters,the time of adsorption and desorption equilibrium of cordcepin by the NKA-II resin was 6h and 3h,respectively.The current velocity of adsorption on the column was 1 BV/h,and the eluting reagent was 70% ethanol with 4BV/h eluting rate after eliminating the impurity by 10% ethanol.By combination of those optimum conditions,the content of cordycepin,and the recovery rate achieved at 35% and 90%,respectively.Furthermore,the purity of Cordycepin was 98% through recrystallization for several times.

Abstract:The inhibitory effect of resveratrol on the activity of monophenolase and diphenolase existing in tyrosinase was investigated by the enzymatic kinetic method at 30 ℃ in a Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer system(pH6.8).The results indicated that resveratrol could inhibit both the monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase,and the IC50 values(resveratrol concentration corresponding to 50% inhibitory rate) were 5.1 mg/mL and 5.6 mg/mL,respectively.Furthermore,resveratrol could extent the lag time of monophenolase for oxidation of L-tyrosine,of which 8 mg/mL of resveratrol prolonged the lag time from 22 s to 62 s,while no such effect was observed on diphenolase.According to the Lineweaver-Burk plot,resveratrol was found to be a mixed inhibitor for the oxidation of L-DOPA,and the equilibrium constants for binding with free enzyme KI and with enzyme-substrate complex KIS were 3.4 mg/mL and 35.98 mg/mL,respectively.

Abstract:A method to determine trehalose in yeast extract using paper chromatography was investigated in this manuscript.Meanwhile,a process to determine the concentration of trehalose by Anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetric method was developed.Compared to the results from HPLC,the paper chromatography method was identified as highly accurate and precise in the determination of trehalose.Therefore,the paper chromatography methods was proven to be easy operate and suitable for the screening of strains producing trehalose.