Abstract:Chinese yam(Rhizoma Dioscorea) was widely used as food and medicinal plants,among its composition,the polysaccharide(RDP) was considered an important active substances.This manuscript reviewed the research progress of RDP extraction and separation,purification,chemical structure analysis and physiological activity.The results presented in this manuscript may provided a novel clue for development of new extraction process,investigation of structure-activity relationship and elucidation of mechanism.

Abstract:Anthocyanins are responsible for red wine color.In this review,the anthocyanins are classified into four groups according to their structure: common anthocyanins(non-acylated anthocyanins),acylated anthocyanins,pyranoanthocyanins and polymeric anthocyanins;then expatiate on their contribution for wine color based on their structures in order to better understand the color changing mechanism of red wine.

Abstract:Chitosan has excellent emulsifying properties.Emulsifying activity and stability of chitosan were determined using turbidimetric method and integrated light scattering technique.The effects of pH and ionic strength on emulsifying properties of chitosan were studied in the manuscript.it was found that emulsifying activity and stability of chitosan continuously increased with a rise of pH values from 3.9 to 5.9.Emulsifying activity of chitosan initially increased and reached at the maximum value(0.34 mol/L),then decreased with the increment of ionic strength.Ionic strength had no distinct influence on emulsifying stability.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the antioxidation activities of three extractions of Pine-mushroom(Tricholoma matsutake Sing.) powers,Boletus aereus powers and Agaricus bisporus powerswere evaluated by the hydroxyl radical system,superoxide radical system,reducing power,and lecithin liposome system.The results showed that alcohol extract polyphenols special for Boletus aereus exhibited the strongest reducing power.Among of three extraction processes,the alcohol extracted process demonstrated the highest superoxide anion scavenging activity.the Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of three kinds of edible mushrooms in the alcohol extracting are strongest,respectively 59.00%,59.12% and 57.19%;For theLecithin liposomes scavenging activity,1.0 mg/mL Pine-mushroom(water),Agaricus bisporus(water),Boletus aereus(alcohol) were achieved at 47.03%,37.84%,25.68%,respectively.

Abstract:In this study,the the extraction process of total flavonoids from in the Xinjiang Sea buckthorn fruit was developed.Total flavonoids in sea buckthorn was determined by three wavelength spectrophotometry.The extraction conditions of total flavonoids in seabuckthorn was optimized by orthogonal experiment and the results listed as as follows:ultrasonic power of 150 W(ultrasonic waves frequency of 20 kHz),ethanol concentration of 60%,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20(g∶mL),temperature of 65 ℃,ultrasonic extraction time of 40 min,extracting for 2 times.With this optimum conditions,the yield of ultrasound-assisted extraction process increased 0.73% than that of the conventional heating backstreaming process.

Abstract:The Kyoho grape packed in three common preservation films was stored at controlled freezing point-0.3 ℃.The time course of grape berry texture properties during storage was detected by using texture profile analysis at 0,5,10,15,20,25,30 days intervals.It was found that:1)the trend of all the texture parameters of the grape berry in three common preservation films decreased;2)The hardness of grape berry had good positive correlations with adhesiveness and chewiness,but exhibited negative correlation with cohesiveness;3)Chewiness of grape berry had good positive correlations with hardness,adhesiveness,springiness and springiness of grape berry also had good positive correlations with cohesiveness,chewiness,resilience;(4)Resilience had bad correlations with other texture parameters excluding springiness and cohesiveness;(5)good fruit rate linearly decreased with the storage time.Based on the above results,good fruit rate could be used to construct regression model to predict the hardness of Kyoho grape berry.Then a simple evaluation method could be provided for Kyoho grape berry during storage by using the regression model.

Abstract:During the storage of meat,the number of microorganisms and the content of cadaverine were increased with increasing of the storage time.In this study,the fresh meat was putted in the condition of 4℃ for one week,and the curve of the number of microorganism and cadaverine content were detected.e.The result showed that the cadaverine increases instantly during the storage.The evidence increased begins at the third day,the meat change from fresh to hypofresh.At the fifth day it increased faster,the meat decayed.It shows that cadaverine content has a good relation with T-VBN and microbiology.

Abstract:The mice were divided into high(600 mg/kg),medium(400 mg/kg) and low(200 mg/kg) group and the normal control group according to the dose of chitosan and then record the mice burden swimming time after 10 days.ecord The anti-fatigue effect of Crayfish chitosan was evaluated by comparing the biochemical index such as the weight of mice,the content of serum urea,liver glycogen,muscle glycogen and lactate dehydrogenase activity.The results showed that the Crayfish chitosan could extend the swimming time of mice,inhibit the growth of mouse body weight,reduce the increment of serum urea after exercise,increase of serum lactate dehydrogenase activity,a significant increase in the reserve of muscle glycogen and glycogen element,has a good anti-fatigue physiological activity.

Abstract:This study ssing MeSO3H as catalyst and protecting agent to synthesizeO-benzoyl-chitsan by esterification between chitosan and benzoyl chloride.The structure of the product was analyzed by FITR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.The esterification mainly occurred on OH group rather than-NH2 group of chitosan.The average degree of substitution(DS) was 0.35.The anti-fungi activity of O-benzoyl-chitsan against the grey mould,Botrytis cinerea was carried out.The result showed that the EC50 of chitosan and O-benzoyl-chitosan were 1.55 mg mL-1 and 0.27 mg mL-1,respectively.The anti-fungi activity of O-benzoyl-chitosan was much stronger than that of chitosan.

Abstract:This manuscript optimized the extraction technologies and investigated the antioxidant activities of the total flavonoids from Feijoa sellowiana leaves.The results determined that the optimum parameters of extraction process as follows: the extraction temperature 40 ℃,the ratio of sample to extraction solution 1:30,the extraction time 50 min and the concentration methyl alcohol 70%.With the optimum extraction parameters,the total flavonoids contents with three reiterations achieved at 46.89 mg/gFW,44.51 mg/gFW and 48.27mg/gFW,respectively.In addition,half-inhibitory concentration IC50 was used to evaluate antioxidant activities of total flavonoids from Feijoa leaves.The capability of inhibiting lipid peroxidation(IC500.275 mg/mL) and scavenging effects on DPPH freedom radical(IC500.798 mg/mL) of total flavonoids extracts were stronger than the corresponding values of ascorbic acid(IC500.643 mg/mL and IC500.917 mg/mL).However,the scavenging effects on superoxide anion(IC500.774 mg/mL) and hydroxyl freedom radical(IC500.278 mg/mL) were weaker than that of ascorbic acid(IC500.537 mg/mL and IC500.275 mg/mL).

Abstract:Effect of main processing steps-boiling in salt solution and microwave heating on texture of RTE(ready-to-eat) product of crayfish were studied in this manuscript.It was found that the hardness and chewiness of the aim product was increased with the increase of the boiling time.But for the elasticity,it was increased at the initial time but then decreased at later of boiling time The sensory evaluation suggested that the optimum boiling time is 10 minutes.Microwave heating in low-power for 5 minutes,are the best for the texture of the crayfish.The products prepared by this process have good quality and taste.

Abstract:Corn cob was one kind of ideal raw materials for processing flavor precursor because of its rich xylose and arabinose.The extracted pentosans were hydrolyzed by diluted acid to obtain reducing sugars hydrolysates.HPLC-ELSD analysis results revealed that xylose and arabinose were rich in the hydrolysates.The standardized solutions of reducing sugars were utilized in the process of different reaction flavors.Therefore,one cheap raw materials of pentose for reaction flavors was developed.

Abstract:In order to expand the industrial application of endo-inulinase,its gene from Aspergillus ficuum JNSP5-06 was cloned into the pET-28a(+) and expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) and get a mutant strain.The mutant was induced by IPTG before the hydrolysis activity was measured and the product was analyzed.The expression vector pET28a-endoI was successfully obtained and the crude enzyme activity was 35 U/mL(fermentation broth).The hydrolysis product from the recombinant inulinase was identified by TLC analysis,indicating that endo-inulinase enzyme solution had activity and the major products were disaccharide,trisaccharide,and tetrasaccharide.These results suggested that the endo-inulinase gene has been successfully expressed in E.coli and significantly improved the endo-inulinase activity.

Abstract:Using Brevibacterium flavum XQ-2(Leul(-ABrAHVr2-TAr) as a starting strain for stepwise mutagenesis by diethylsulfate(DES),N-methyl-N’-nitro-soguanidine(NTG) treatment,a L-valine hyper-producing mutant XQ-8(Leul(-AB hr2-TAhr AHVhr) was obtained,which could be resistant to high concentration α-amino-butyric acid(α-AB),2-thiazole-DL-alanaine(2-TA) and α-amino-β-hydroxy-valeric acid(AHV).As a result,high L-valine concentration(64~66g/L) was obtained with shaking at 31±1℃ for 72h in the medium containing 135g/L glucose and 50g/L(NH4)2SO4.

Abstract:Nine Lactobacillus plantarum strains were isolated from the Northeast homemade sauerkraut and exhibited high cholesterol-lowering ability.By acid and bile tolerance and antimicrobial susceptibility testing,these strains were studied for their potenticl probiotic.The results showed good cholesterol-lowering ability with S56 giving the highest of cholesterol removal at 22.40μg/mL.All the strains could tolerate pH 3.0 and 10 g / L of bovine bile salt.Strains S2-6,S2-5,S4-1 and S56 maintained the growth for 1h at pH 2.0.

Abstract:In order to obtain the optimal medium composition for Pullulan production,statistical method was used to investigate the medium components for pullulan concentration by Aureobasidium pullulans in this study First,the Plackett-Burman design was used to evaluate the effects of six variables including glucose,yeast extract,KH2PO4,MgSO4 7H2O,(NH4)2SO4 and NaCl.Subsequently,a three-level three-factor Box-Benhnken design was employed to determine the maximum Pullulan production at optimum concentration of glucose,yeast extract and NaCl.The optimal values of the three parameters determined by RSM were glucose 5.675%,yeast extract 0.405% and NaCl 0.0815%.The Pullulan production was 32.1g/L,and the actual experimental result was 32.16g/L.They were in well agreement and it is 5.0 folds of the Pullulan production before optimization.

Abstract:The nutrient and environmental conditions for catalase production by Serratia marcescens SYBC08 were optimized with single factor experiment and orthogonal design in this study.The optimum conditions were listed as follows: 25 g/L citric acid,36 g/L corn steep liquor powder,initial pH 6.75,liquid volume 50 mL/250 mL flask,4% inoculation,35 ℃,250 rpm,for 36 hours.With the optimum conditions,the catalase titer achieved at 9553 U/mL,which was 5.49-fold than that of the control.Properties of the catalase after purification by ammonium sulfate precipitation were studied.At 60 ℃ and pH 9.0,the enzyme was stable for 150 min;at 65 ℃ and pH 9,the half-life of the enzyme was approximately 150 min;its thermo stability was higher than that of commercial catalase from bovine.It was also active at 20 ℃ and had 78% of its activity at 0 ℃.These results suggest that the enzyme displays a property with cold adaption and thermo stability,and it has potential applications in high-temperature,alkaline and low-temperature conditions.

Abstract:Vibrio Parahaemolyticus is a frequent food-borne pathogen in marine environments.A rapid isolation and identification method for Vibrio Parahaemolyticus was developed in this study by combining an improved screening method with a second screening based on specific genes(tlh and toxR).By using this method,19 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from marine water,ooze and three marine products.Also,the 16S rDNA from the isolated strains was sequenced to validate the specificity.The results obtained by the specific tlh,toxR gene identification method were consistent with that from 16S rDNA sequencing,shown that the veracity of the identification method based on specific gene is 100%.Our results appeared that the isolation and identification method based on specific genes for Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an efficient and rapid method,which has high specificity and is timesaving,only need 3 days.It would be high potential application in the field of risk assessment of food-borne pathogens and of the large-scale detection researches.

Abstract:Based on the factory production medium formula of koji,response surface methodology was used to optimize the protease production in this manuscript.A multivariate model was proposed to manifest the interactions of the medium components.It was showed that the optimum,weight proportion of soy bean,fried wheat and water in koji medium is 11.3∶ 10.5∶ 19.6 with this optimum conditions,a high level of koji protease activity(2402 U/g) was achieved,it was higher 20% than that of the control.

Abstract:On the basis of the results of single factor experiments,the ethanol concentration,extraction time and the ratio of liquid volume to solid mass were selected as independent variables to optimize the extraction process parameters for chlorophyll-a from blue algae.by using central composite design and response surface analysis.the optimum conditions were achieved and listed as follows: 86% ethanol,extraction time 133 s and volume of liquid to solid mass ratio 16∶1(mL/g),microwave power 250 w.Under the optimum conditions,the extraction yield of chlorophyll-a achieved at(2.686±0.013) mg/g.

Abstract:The purpose of this study was to purify a kind of aspartic protease inhibitor from potato and investigate its interaction with DNA and antioxidant activity.With ethidium bromide as a probe,Fluorescence method for screening anticancer drugs in the application,the first time the interaction between PPI and DNA has been studied;Use scavenging of free radicals of flavonoids,DPPH,H2O2/Fe2+ for hydroxyl radical system and superoxide anion radical system of the PPI in vitro antioxidant activity study,The results show that PPI has some antioxidant activity in vitro and from the point of view with the DNA may have anticancer effects.

Abstract:Cell viability and DNA fragmentation analysis are essential markers for tomato fruit programmed cell death(PCD).The ion leakage detection and TUNEL assay of tomato fruit method were optimized in this study,and compared the effect of different concentrations of mannitol and water as a medium on determination of ion leakage.The ion leakage of tomato fruit discs was lower in 0.2 mol/L(0.3mol/L of mannitol solution,and became stable after 120 min.But the ion leakage in water increased continually within 240 min,from(23.95± 0.85)% to(63.95±0.35)%.The results showed that immersion of pericarp discs in 0.3mol/L mannitol,120 min shaking was suitable for detecting the ion leakage of tomato fruit.Cell death rate rised in red ripe tomatoes and 45 ℃ heat-treated mature green tomatoes.In situ TUNEL staining using hand slice for detecting DNA fragmentation of tomato fruit cells was simple and feasible,and TUNEL-positive nucleus were detected in senescence tomato fruit and heat-treated mature green tomato fruit,respectively.

Abstract:The aim of this manuscript is to determine the effect of pH on the cassava stillage hydrolyzation at 60℃ through compared with the values of the cellulase(CMCase),hemicellulase(xylase) activity,the free and cell-bound enzyme activities,hydrolytic ratio,the degradation ratio of suspended solids(SS),the total concentration of volatile fatty acids(VFA) and ethanol,the degradation ratio of cellulose and hemicelluloses at different pH conditions.The results showed that higher cellulase and hemicellulase activity(1 588 and 822 IU/L),degradation ratio of SS(37.3%),hydrolytic ratio of cellulose and hemicellulose(54.9% and 58.4%) were obtained when pH kept at 7.0~8.0.Under this condition,the activities of the free and cell-bound enzyme were the same,the total concentration of VFA and ethanol was achieved at 12.6 g/L,where acetate was the main component.

Abstract:In this study,the two-dimensional(2-D) electrophoresis was used to separate the total extracellular enzymes were excreted by the microorganisms of wheat qu of Shaoxing rice wine.A 2-D electrophoresis technique which was suitable for the extracellular enzymes was established through investigating the the isoelectric focusing conditions,pH values of extraction buffer,and sampling volumes and other key factors on the effects of 2-D electrophoresis..It was demonstrated that the 2-D electrophoresis profiles had high resolution and good reproducibility.The results present here provideda basis for further identification of the extracellular enzymes excreted by the microorganisms from Shaoxing rice wine wheat qu by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis.

Abstract:flhA,encoded by the gene flhA,is an important component of the flagellar export apparatus of Campylobacter jejuni.Here we constructed an flhA mutant strain HXW001.Compared with that of the wild type,the flhA mutant cell could grow well but lack flagella,the motility of the mutant cells was lost,and the ability of the mutant cells for the formation of biofilm and autoagglutination also decreased.In addition,it was found that the expression of the flagellin gene flaA was affected by flhA.These findings indicated that flhA was the molecular basis of flagellar synthesis and motility of Campylobacter jejuni and that flhA was closely related to pathogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni.

Abstract:In this study,fresh hyacinth was cut up to 0.3 cm pieces and then mixed with fermentation liquor with different ratios for batch fermentation experiments(25 ℃).The total weight of the mixture was 3 000g.Biogas characteristics,raw materials,energy utilization were studied and analyzed to give the theoretical foundation of anaerobic fermentation of water hyacinth.The results indicated that the average biogas yield potential of fresh water hyacinth is higher than other common fermentation materials,so it was chose as the ideal materials for large scale biogas project.Higher concentrations of fermentation could increase the gas efficiency,but it is easy to arising acidification process which lead to waste of carbon and lower potential of biogas energy production.

Abstract:Lactose was used to induce cholesterol oxidase(COD) expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) in this manuscript.Effect of different nutrient and environmental conditions,including media ingredients,lactose concentration,lactose addition time,and the culture temperature on COD expression were carefully investigated.Under the optimum induced conditions,the maximal activity of COD reached at 15.2 U/mL.The results confirmed that lactose could be used as an inducer in the fermentation process.

Abstract:To improve the soluble expression of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase in Escherichia coli for further study on its biological activity.Different concentrations of IPTG,inducing times and temperatures are used to optimize the expression condition for the soluble recombinant VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase in Escherichia coli.The recombinant protein is purified by affinity chromatography.Western Blot was used to identify this protein.The recombinant plasmid pQE30-TK encoding VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase was constructed and soluble VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase was expressed.SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular mass of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase was about 36 000 as expected and Western blot analysis indicated that both antibodies for anti-Flk-1 and anti-His could react against the purified protein.Conclusion: The soluble human VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase was expresses in Escherichia coli by the recombinant technique.The purified protein showed biological activity.