Abstract:Culture collection is a basic research work in microorganism.Cryopreservation,transfer of biological objects to deep cold anabiosis(-196 ℃),is an efficient method for long term storage of microorganisms.In this review,the parameters important for development of efficient technologies for cryopreservation of lactic acid bacteria,yeast,microalgae and protozoa are addressed.Furthermore,the problems in liquid nitrogen cryopreservation are discussed in this article.

Abstract:This manuscript summarize the current knowledge about of the genetic polymorphism in milk proteins,including heterogeneity,detecting methods and their relationships with the technological properties of milk.In the casein fraction a great heterogeneity has been determined either by the presence of genetic variants or other factors such as phosphorylation level and glycosylation extent.In the whey fractions,more genetic are described for β-lactoglobulin(β-LG),but less for α-lactalbumin(α-LA).The genetic polymorphism may be detected from protein and DNA level.The genetic polymorphism may effect of milk property significantly,including the heat stability,rennet-ability,cheese yield and quality.Milk protein polymorphisms are involved in human nutrition in various ways.With the development of molecular technique,the genetic polymorphism would be widely applied.Further investigation is needed to better outline the relevant features of polymorphism with technological properties of milk and nutrition.

Abstract:As an important food functional component,theaflavins has widely application area and has bright development future.The production method,physicochemical properties,potential application area is become research focus both at home and in abroad.In this review,the molecular structure,physical and chemical properties of theaflavins were outline,and its formation mechanism,preparation,analysis methods,separation and function were also discussed.

Abstract:In this study,response surface methodology(RSM) was applied to optimize the extraction conditions of total triterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Bail by microwave-assisted l.Based on the results of the single factor experiments,alcohol concentration,extraction time,pretreatment agents were studied with a central-composite design.The predictive quadratic equations model was developed by Design Expert software.The optimal conditions of microwave extraction of triterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill were achieved and listed as follows: alcohol concentration 53.6%,extraction time 1.89min,multipl 4.6.Under the optimum conditions,the yield of total triterpenoids is achieve at 2.137%,this data exhibited a good agreement with the value predicted by the model.

Abstract:The aim of this study was to develop the optimum process parameters for Salicornia bigelovii Torr by the combination of vacuum and microwave technique.For improvement of the color,aroma and flavor of Salicornia bigelovii Torr,food additives and dry techniques were adopted.The formulation made of Salicornia bigelovii Torr.70 g,carrot 9 g,white sesame 8 g,and MSG 0.05 g resulted in highest sensory appreciation.A farther study tested the effect of glutinous rice flour,sucrose,peanut protein powder and different boiling time on the product’s quality.For this an orthogonal test was used and gave an optimum product’s quality at the combination glutinous rice flour 8 g,sucrose 4.5 g and peanut protein powder 4 g and boiling time was 6 min.

Abstract:The manuscript studied that rheological properties of concentrated mango juice at different temperatures and different concentrations.By regression analysis,within the corresponding range of temperature and concentration,it is found that concentrated mango juice was Herschel-Bulkley fluid.The effect of temperature on concentrated mango juice viscosity could be described by Arrhenius equation.On the other hand,the effect of concentration on concentrated mango juice viscosity could be identified by a Power Index type equation.A combinational equation describing effects of both temperature and concentration on the viscosity of concentrated mango juice was suggested.With the increase in the concentration of mango juice concentrate,the static yield stress value of the juice also increased.

Abstract:This study aims to study the effect of BEC(BRANDS Chicken Essence,BEC) on immune system in restraint stressed mice.Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 mice each group: normal control group,restraint control group,25 mg/kg RU486(GR antagonist) group,1 mL/100 g BEC and 2 mL/100 g BEC.The treatment groups were orally administrated with BEC or RU486 for consecutive 5 days,while normal control and stress control groups were given the same volume of water.On the 5th day,all mice were restraint for 18 h except normal group.After 3 days recovery,mice were sacrificed.Blood was distilled and spleens were received to prepare lymphocytes for following tests.The results showed that BEC not only could protect the reduced spleen index and spleen lymphocytes,but also could inhibit the elevated content of corticosterone in plasma.RT-PCR analysis showed that BEC also could recover GR mRNA,Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA in spleen lymphocytes nearly to normal.Meantime,the mitochondrion membrane potential(ΔΨmt),the content of CytC in cytoplasm or mitochondrion of spleen lymphocytes were also recovered to normal when compared to stressed mice.All of these results indicated that BEC could protect spleen lymphocytes against apoptosis and improve the immune function in restraint stressed mice.

Abstract:In order to study the active fraction of wheat gluten hydrolysates(WGH),WGH was preliminary separated and purified by using different MWCO of the ultrafiltration membrane.Different antioxidant assays in vitro such as ferrous ion-chelating activity,inhibition of linoleic acid emulsion peroxidation and 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt(ABTS) radical scavenging activity,were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the obtained wheat gluten hydrolysate.It was found that the antioxidant activity of the WGH can be arranged in the following order: over 10KD<10KD-5KD

Abstract:The effect of ferrous glycinate nanoliposomes on iron-deficiency anemia was investigated through comparing with that of ferrous glycinate and ferrous sulfate on SD rats..Hb,serum Fe,total iron binding capacity,iron contents of liver and spleen were determined at the end of the intervention,and significant effects were observed for Hb,serum Fe,total iron binding capacity,and iron contents of liver and spleen(P<0.05) in ferrous glycinate nanoliposomes group.Ferrous glycinate nanoliposomes as an iron supplement performed better than ferrous glycinate and ferrous sulfate in groups of iron-deficient rats.

Abstract:The mechanism of tartary buckwheat protein on breast cancer cells was studied by Flow cytometry(FCM).The inhibition effect of TBWSP31 on the proliferation of Bcap37 cell existed in dose-and time-dependent manners.After treatment with TBWSP31,Bcap37 cell resulted in the accumulation of the cell in G0/G1,and prevented the cell growing from G0/G1 phase to S phase.The cell cycle was related to G1 phase,and the longer G1 phase could slow the speed of cell malignant proliferation.The expression of bcl-2 and Fas were detected quantitatively by FCM.Based on the above results,it can be concluded that the antitumor mechanism was associated with the increasing expression of Fas and the decreasingd expression of bcl-2.

Abstract:The antioxidant effects of meat flavoring were studied and the fraction with high antioxidant capacities was separated in this study.Meat flavoring was separated by membrane separation and silica gel column chromatography.The antioxidant capacities were evaluated by their effects on glutathione and lipid peroxidation of human lymphocytes.Three fractions with different molecular weight were prepared and the sequence of antioxidant capacity is: high molecular weight fraction(H-MRPs) > medium molecular weight fraction(H-MRPs) > low molecular weight fraction(L-MRPs).The H-MRPs were further fractionated to three fractions(H-MA,H-MB,H-MC) with different polarity.H-MA with the lowest polarity revealed the highest antioxidant capacity.

Abstract:The research aimed to study the anti-tumor effect of polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus(IOP)on tumor cell proliferation in vitro and on tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo.The effect of polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus(IOP)on tumor Jurkat and Daudi cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay.The model of jurkat tumor-bearing nude was established.The anti-tumor effect of IOP on tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo was studied.The result showed that IOP could kill jurkat and daudi tumor cell directly in vitro.The highest inhibition rate was 62.29% and 66.42%,respectively,which showed an excellent dose-response relation.Similarly,IOP also shown the obvious anti-tumor activities in vivo.The inhibition rate at low and high dose were 43.52% and 57.48%,respectively.IOP increased obviously the spleen index.It was concluded that IOP had obvious anti-tumor activities and improved immunological function.

Abstract:In order to utilize polysaccharides resources in Hyriopsis cumingii,polysaccharides from Hyriopsis cumingii(HCPS) was extracted by using methods of hot water lixiviation,ethanol precipitation,Sevag’s deproteination and ethanol precipitation again,the extraction yield of crude HCPS was about 3.5%.The crude HCPS was separated firstly through DEAE-cellulose 52 chromatography column and further purified through chromatography column of Sephadex G-100.Three purified fractions,named as HCPS-1,HCPS-2 and HCPS-3,were obtained.The recovery rates of HCPS-1,HCPS-2 and HCPS-3 was 26.9%,30.2% and 3.9% respectively.Preliminary feature of crude HCPS,HCPS-1,HCPS-2 and HCPS-3,including polysaccharides content,protein content,sulfuric radical content,relative viscosity,monosaccharide composition,relative molecular weight and FTIR spectrum,were determined.Results showed that HCPS-3 had more sulfuric acid radicals and protein than HCPS-1 and HCPS-2.The monosaccharide composition of HCPS-3 was more complicated than that of HCPS-1 or HCPS-2.HCPS-3 was quite different from HCPS-1 or HCPS-2.

Abstract:At high temperature,the special flavor of Raw Radish is easy to disappear or change.For this,no blanching was adopted in the pretreatment process.In this manuscript,the combination of ozone water and ultrasonic treatment instead of NaClO treatment were studied before the deep-freeze process in order to better control microorganisms of the product.In addition,the quality of the product,such as color and flavor,would be better maintained by under the new sterilization method.

Abstract:In this manuscript,a multiplex PCR assay for detection of S.aureus was developed by designing three sets of primers that specifically amplify segments of the nuc、clfA and SmaI genes.Analysis of ten S.aureus strains and forty-six non-S.aureus strains demonstrated that this PCR system was specific.The detection limit of the PCR was 1.1973 ng with genomic DNA and 1.2 cfu/g in artificially contaminated bread after enrichment at 37 ℃ for 6 h.Forty-three foods were detected to confirm the accuracy of this method.Among of them,three were found to be positive,and two were consistent with that of the international standard method,and one was through verification by sequenced.The result proven that the specific multiplex PCR assay can be used for detection of S.aureus in foods.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the optimum conditions of polysaccharide purify from Schisandra,a kind of broad development prospect of traditional Chinese herbal medicines,were determined.Schisandra polysaccharide was extracted by using water extraction and alcohol precipitationand the optimum extraction parameters listed as follows: the ratio of solid-liquid was 1 g∶32 mL,extraction temperature was 99 ℃,extraction time was 4 h.With the optimum conditions,the extraction rate of crude polysaccharide could reach at 5.61%.furthermore,the protein of crude polysaccharide was removed by using enzymatic and savage method to eliminate.Semi-pure polysaccharide was graded and separated by gel column chromatography,two kinds of polysaccharide I and II obtained.After thin-layer chromatography analysis,the composition of polysaccharides was preliminary identified,through infrared spectroscopy analysis,polysaccharide I and II were identified as α-Furan sugar and β-pyranose,respectively.

Abstract:Interaction detection methods can led to the discovery of thousands of protein-protein interactions,and discerning relevance within large-scale data sets is important for bioinformation.As an important means for knowledge discovery,graph clustering attracts much attention in analysis of protein-protein interaction networks.Here,a modularity-based method was used to find communities of protein-protein interaction networks.Using this method,177 communities were detected from a network involving 11,855 interactions among 2617 proteins in yeast and annotated according to MIPS hierarchical functional categories.The results validated that these communities are indeed densely connected in sub-graphs.

Abstract:This manuscript with soybean protein isolate as the substrate to study the optimum enzyme hydrolysis parameters of the combination of the neutral protease and aminopeptidase.with free amino acids,peptide distribution,the hydrolysis degree as indexes and aminopeptidase ProteAXG as the control,the optimum conditions were determined and listed as follows:temperature 50℃,substrate concentration of 6%,neutral protease addition ratio E/S=5000U/g,aminopeptidase addition ratio E/S=9.75×105 U/g,pH 8.5 and 4h.Under the optimum conditions,the results of the hydrolyzate is that: the content of free amino acid in the hydrolyzate is 13.6 mg/mL,which is 1.95 times than that of ProteAXG hydrolysis,the molecular weight of the polypeptide is less than 1100D,which consist of by 16% of 600D and 75% of dipeptide and tripeptide.The hydrolysis degree achieved at 50.8%.Under the optimum conditions,the degree of hydrolysis is up to 62%.From the above results,we concluded that aminopeptidase from Bacillus subtilis either alone or in combination with the neutral protease,can hydrolyze the soybean isolated protein in-depth.

Abstract:Corn bran was used as the substrate for cellulase production using Trichoderma konigii to achieve its high value utilization,and the nutritional and envionmental conditions were optimized for enhancing cellulase yield.Such key parameters as wheat bran addition,initial moisture content and pH were optimized by Box Behnken experimental design.Experimental results showed that the impact order of three key parameters on cellulase production ware listed as follows: initial moisture content > wheat bran addition > pH,while the dependence between three factors was not significant.Predicted results indicated that cellulase production was high up to 11.3 FPAase units / g dry substrate after the fermentation of 5 days with 24.4% of wheat bran addition,1.0% of ammonium sulfate,0.05% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,0.1% of magnesium sulfate,0.2% of lactose,58.6% of the initial water content and pH5.5.

Abstract:The main components of the solid content in the cassava-ethanol wastewater were cellulose and hemicellulose,which account for about 30% and 18%,respectively.Because the endo-β-1,4-glucanase(CMCase) and xylanase played a key role in hydrolyzing cellulose and hemicellulose during the thermophilic anaerobic digestion process,six methods for extracting CMCase and xylanase from the anaerobic sludge were compared and the distribution of these enzymes in the sludge was also investigated in this study.The results demonstrated the extraction of CMCase and xylanase using 1% Triton X-100 was an efficient and gentle method,meanwhile,at least 90% of CMCase and 70% of xylanase were immobilized on the flocs(the surface of cells or the extracellular polymeric substances).

Abstract:This manuscript aims to attain the optimum degumming conditions for Apocynum venetum L by a new strain-Acinetobacter junii FM208850,the response surface methodology designed by Box-Behnken was applied based on the single factor experiment.According to the regression analysis,the optimal conditions were determined and listed as follows: Na2CO3 was 0.2 g/100mL H2O to make initial pH 9.5,pectinase amount of 8.38 mL(161.3 U/mL),bath ratio of 1∶16,temperature of 45 ℃,time of 10 h;The actual residual gum content was 7.937% under the optimum conditions.

Abstract:A DNA clone containing α-galactosidase gene fragment(639 bp) was isolated from the constructed cDNA library of Absidia ramose WL511.The 5’-RACE and 3’-RACE techniques confirmed this gene’s upstream and downstream sequences(1817 bp,1092 bp) Sequences analysis revealed that this gene with the full length of 2228 bp made a complete open reading frame of 2142 bp encoding a polypeptide of 713 amino acid residues with predicted molecular mass of 81 kDa and predicted pI of 5.2.This gene(GenBank No.DQ234280),belonging to α-galactosidase 36 family,showed a very low homology with other sources of α-galactosidase genes.The most similarity was 38 % between the α-galactosidases of Streptomyces avermitilis MA-4680 and A.ramose WL511.

Abstract:Debranching enzymes are essential for starch saccharification processes with their activity for cleavage of 1,6-glucoside linkage in starch molecules.In this study,a novel debranching enzyme from the thermophilic Bacillus sp.CBB272 was purified using the combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation,weak ion-exchange and strong ion-exchange.The purified enzyme possessed the relative molecular weight of 70 kD on SDS-PAGE.The enzyme exhibited the maximal activity at 70℃ and pH 6.0 with excellent stabilities at a temperature range from 30 ℃ to 70 ℃ and pHs from 4.5 to 9.0.At pH 6.0 and 50 ℃ its Km and Vmax for amylopectin were 4.0324 mg/mL and 0.1841 mg/(min·mL),respectively.The enzyme was strongly activated by Ca2+,Mg2+ and Mn2+ and Ca2+ significantly increased its thermostability.

Abstract:The optimum conditions of extracting purple pigment from the culture of Fusarium sp JN158 were studied,and then the physicochemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that the purple pigment could be extracted with 95% ethanol(pH=1).Under the acid condition,the pigment was stable to heat,light,citric acid,and sodium benzonate.the maximum absorption wavelengh were 310nm and 510nm,which affected by H2O 2 and Na2SO3;Sucrose and Glucose had the hyperchromic effect;The pigment was influenced by Fe3+,Al3+,K+,Cu2+,Mg2 +,but Mg2 +,Zn2 +,Na+,Ca2 + could not badly affect it at all.

Abstract:In this study,109 strains with positive signals were collected and screened from mangrove soil using unique C-source plating and differential plating technique for Endo-glucanase,exo-glucanase and β-glucosidase.A fungus HBZ003 with high enzyme activity was obtained identified as Penicillium purpurogenum.The optimum medium components for cellulose production by strain HBZ003 were determined and listed as follows: wheat bran 8 g/L,CMC 2 g/L,(NH4)2SO4 3 g/L,KNO3 2 g/L,KH2PO4 3 g/L,NaCl 6 g/L and CaCl2 0.5 g/L.The maximum activities of carboxymethyl cellulase activity(CMCase) and filter paper activity(FPA) were reached at 16.04U and 4.08 U,respectively,after culture 5 days under 30 ℃,initial pH 4.0 and 160 r/min.

Abstract:Vardenafil is a phosphodiesterase type-5(PDE-5) inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.Undeclared vardenafil and the related analogues adulterated in herbal commodities are a threat to human health.The anti-vardenafil McAb of 4B9 was the specific to vardenafil and its analogues,based on this result,an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ic-ELISA) was developed.The limit of detection of vardenafil was 5.0 ng/mL-1,the calibration curve was linear from 5.0 to 40 ng/mL-1(R2=0.952) with an IC50 value of 18.2 ng/mL-1.In the extracts of 20 Chinese traditional drugs,the detection capability(CCβ) of vardenafil was 0.08 mg/g-1,the recoveries were 76-116% and the coefficients of variation(C.V.) were 9.7%-16.2%.

Abstract:In order to establish the immunoassay method of melamine(MEL),two artificial antigens(MEL-BSA,MEL-OVA) were prepared by glutaraldehyde crosslinking method,which were identified by UV absorbency spectrum.MEL-BSA was used as immuneogen to produce a cell strain(6E3) secreting monoclonal antibody against melamine from BALB/c.After purification,its titers of ascetic fluids were 64000 by indirect ELISA.The lineal range and half-inhibitory concentration(IC50) of the monoclonal antibody were from 0.1 to 3.2 mg/L and 1.01 mg/L.The percentages of cross-activity to cyanuric acid,Ammelid and Ammeline were all less than 0.1%.Results indicated that the monoclonal antibody against melamine would be useful in the development of melamine residue ELISA test kit or colloid gold-immunochromatography assay strip.