Abstract:Time-temperature history is important for controling sterilization process in food industry.Time Temperature Indicator(TTI) can be used to indicate the temperature history inside food.Capsule embedding technology was used to build TTI,in which thermostable alpha-amylase was used as indicactor.Kinetics for thermal inactivation of indicator were built and validated with konjac glucomannan as a carrier.The validation experiment was carried out by fluidization solid food ultra high temperature sterilization technology.Statistical analysis showed that: thermostable alpha-amylase give first-order inactivation kinetics,there is no significantly differences between experimental results and model theoretical results,TTI can be used for studing kinetics of enzyme inactivation,TTI with thermostable alpha-amylase as indicator can be used for time-temperature indicating in fluidization solid food ultra high temperature sterilization process.

Abstract:The effects of different exogenous additives on the activity of oxidases and the change of components during fermentation of Yunnan pu-erh tea were studied.The results suggested that the significant change of ascorbic acid oxidase activity of fermented pu-erh tea was detected with different additives during fermentation process: The activity of ascorbic acid oxidase of pu-erh tea ranked in the order of pyrogallic>gallic acid>water>glycine>glucose when tea samples fermented after 10 days,that after 20 days the order changed to water>gallic acid>glucose>pyrogallic>glycine,that after 30 days in the order of pyrogallic>glucose>water>glycine>gallic acid.The activity of polyphenol oxidase of tea samples appeared a downward trend with different exogenous additives addition during fermentation,and the polyphenol oxidase activity in the first pile-up(ferment for 10 days) sample was the highest.The contents of theaflavins have no significant changes and the content of polyphenols and thearubigins reduced significantly,and the content of theabrownins increased significantly of fermented pu-erh tea samples with different additives.The study indicated that the different exogenous additives such as glucose,gallic acid,pyrogallic and glycine exhibited remarkable effects on the oxidases activity and the components of pu-erh tea during fermentation,and they could accelerate the formation of theabrownins in pu-erh tea.

Abstract:In this manuscript,effects of steam blanching(high temperature-short time,HT-ST) on enzymes and nutrients of Boletus aereus were studied,the most important nutrients including total phenols,solube total sugar,ascorbic acid and soluble protein were compared with the different treat conditions,such as time,material volume and vapor pressure.Through the single factor experiment of,based on the single factor experiment result,an orthogonal test was designed.With the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of effects of enzyme inactivation and nutrients preservation,the optimum condition was determined.

Abstract:In this study,the effect of ulfuric acid concentration,extraction time and ratio of water to material on the extraction of antiyeast protein from barley were determined,the optimum conditions of antiyeast protein extraction were described as follows∶sulfuric acid concentration 0.05 mol/L,extraction time 3.6 h,ratio of water to material 1∶5.75.with the optimum extraction conditions,the best extraction rate achieved at 391.8 μg/g.

Abstract:In this study we investigated the radioprotective activity of polysaccharide from purple sweet potato in mice irradiated by a 137Cs gamma(γ) ray(4.0 Gy,at a dose of 2.299×102C/kg·min-1).Mice were randomly divided into the control group and four experimental groups which were given polysaccharide from purple sweet potato(model group,low group,middle group,high group) for 30 days.The four experimental groups of mice were then exposed to 137Cs γ-rays and were given polysaccharide from purple sweet potato for a further 14 days.The number of white blood cells,the number of micronuclei in polychromatophilic erythrocytes of bone marrow in mice and the number of spleen colony-forming cells(CFU-S) were carefully determined.The activity of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,catalase,malondialdehyde,spleen index and thymus index were also arrayed.The results indicated that the administration of polysaccharide from purple sweet potato is radioprotective in mice irradiated by 137Cs γ-rays in vivo.

Abstract:In this manuscript,a novel ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry(MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of six micro-sweeteners(acesulfame-K,saccharin sodium,sodium cyclamate,sucralose,aspartame,neotame) in distilled spirit.After sample preparation,the analytes was seperated on an BEH C-18 column with methanol-20 mM ammonium acetate as mobile phase for gradient elution and detected at electrospray ionisation(ESI) source operating in negative mode,along with the accurate mass of their main fragment ion.It takes only 10 minutes to finish a whole seperation and detection.Under the optimized conditons the six compounds behave linearly in the 0.05-5.0 mg/L concentration range,with correlation coefficient >0.9945.The detection limits is 0.05 mg/L for acesulfame-K,0.01 mg/L for saccharin sodium,sodium cyclamate,neotame and 0.1 mg/L for sucralose,aspartame.The recoveries at the tested concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L were 86.48 %～116.90 %,with the relative standard deviations of 0.22 %～3.90 %.The method has been successfully applied to simultancously detect six synthetic sweeteners in distilled spirit samples and illustrated accurate and effective.

Abstract:In order to provide the elementary data for the modified atmosphere packaging and storage of litchi fruit,the respiration rate,respiratory quotient and fermentive gas concentrations of litchi respiration were studied by using the closed system method under different temperatures and environmental modified atmospheres in this study.Results showed that the relationship between temperature and initial respiration rate accorded with the Arrhenius law.The low O2/high CO2 could significantly inhibit the respiration rate of litchi;that no manifest correlation was observed between respiratory quotient of litchi fruit and temperature as well as modified atmosphere;and that temperature had a significant impact on the O2 ferment concentration of litchi fruit,which increased from 5.19% to 7.77% with about 50% increment accordingly as temperature rose from 5 ℃ to 25 ℃.

Abstract:In order to prepare microencapsulation methionine,which could be absorbed and utilized in shrimp feeds,the wall materials and the technology of embedding by spray-drying were studied in this manuscript.The method was confirmed,which used the alginate and gelatin as wall materials,the methionine powder as core material and spray drying technology.Results showed that the best parameters of the embedding of the microcapsule were that the 1% alginate and 1% gelatin,the methionine powder was 15%,the feed temperature was 65 ℃,the air inlet temperature was 195 ℃ and theair outlet temperature was 80 ℃,the feed speed was 45 mL/min,and the embedding rate reached to 89.6%.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) has been applied to the study on the surface superstructure of microencapsulated methionine,which was of regulation and uniformity,not conglutination.

Abstract:The strain of Trichderma asperellum W03 was isolated from the peat and exhibited the potential to produce xylanase,CMCase and chitinase under the submerged culture.Those three kinds enzymes achived at a highest activity at the conditions: pH 4.5,temperature 40 ℃-45 ℃ and acidic condition.Moreover,the optimum nutrient and culture condistions were determined and listed as follows: 200.00 potato,2.0 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,5.0 glucose,1.0 KNO3,1.0 peptone,1.0 KH2PO4,0.5 MgSO4·7H2O and pH 6.0.with the optimum conditions,xylanase,CMCase and chitinase reached at 87u/mL,58 u/mL and 30 u/mL,respectively,after 72 h with 33 ℃ and 180 r/min.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the authors chose HZ816 as research model to study the factors which affect the adsorption and desorption capacity.A series of results were achieved by the single factor experiments: the equilibrium 2-phenylethanol adsorption amount of HZ816 is 151.3 mg/g;the adsorption pH value 5.1;to the adsorption balance time 1.5 h.According to the static balance experiment and isotherm equation,it was found that the behavior of HZ816 obeys to Freundlich equation.Meanwhile,the adsorption of 2-phenylethanol is an exothermic process due to the fact that the 2-phenylethanol adsorption amount of HZ816 decreases with the increasing of temperature.The optimum eluent solvent is absolute ethanol.2-phenylethanol can be desorbed completely by eluent solvent of 3 times bed volume,and the eluting peaks are centralized and no obvious trailing phenomenon was detected.

Abstract:Lycopene is a ploy-unsaturated carotene with 11 conjugated and 2 non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds.Because of its 13 double bonds,lycopene is susceptible to isomerize and isomerization may influence its bioactivity.In this paper,the authors studied the methodology of lycopene isomers detectation via COSMOSIL Cholester-HPLC system.The optimized conditions were as follows:a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile(10∶90,v/v) was used as mobile phase and its flow rate was 1mL/min,the injection volume was 20 μL,and the separating was monitored at 472nm.Confirmatory test was done and the result showed that this HPLC system was effective in lycopene isomers detection with ideal resolution and fairly good repeatability.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the effect of blanching and addition of antioxidant treatment to the colour of red bell pepper during the storage were carefully studied by single factor experiment.Based on the results,the following conclusions could be made:(1) blanching has good effect on the pigments,90 ℃ 2 min is the optimum pretreatment condition,(2) the addition of antioxidant could maintain the stability of the red colour,(3) the combination of TBHQ and Vc shown a more synergistic effect on red bell pepper.

Abstract:Absorption on D4020 macroporous resin was studied as a method to purify the taxol from endophytic fungi fermentation broth.The optimum conditions for absorption and desorption of taxol was determined and listed as follows: The adsorbed temperature at room temperature,the sample was dissolved in 50 % methanol,and added on a column of the resin at the rate of 1.5 mL/min,then it was washed with 20% ethanol,and was eluted with 7 BV 80% ethanol at 0.5 mL/min speed.Under the optimum conditions,the recovery rate achieved at 90%,so this resin can be used for separation and concentration of taxol.The static absorption dynamic curve and isotherm of taxol on D4020 resin showed that D4020 macroreticular resin was suitable for absorbing and separating taxol.

Abstract:To investigate the anoxia endurance and immunological of mung bean protein or peptide(MBPP) in mice.This research employs high performance gel permeation Chromatography(HPGPC)to investigate and evaluate the molecular weight’s(Mw)distribution of MBPP.The tested mice were randomly distributed into 3 groups,and were continuously given MBPP by intragastric administration for 30 days,then the living time of mice were measured in anoxia with normal air pressure,in poisoning by nitrite poisoning and in acute lack of blood in brain.The effect was evaluated on celluar immunity by ConA lymphocyte transformation test(MTT) and delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH).The impact of humoral immunity was detected by antibody-producing cells(PFC) test and the value of half of hemolysis(HC50) in mice.The non-specific immunity was detected by abdomen macrophages of mice devour chicken red cell test.The Mw MBPP is between 195~1000D,in which the component of 195-510D takes 70.2% or above.MBPP of 0.82 g/kg·BW and 1.23 g/kg·BW.dose group could significantly prolong the living time of mice with hypoxia(P<0.05) and long-nitrite poisoning in mice living time(P<0.05).Compared with that of the control group,MBPP could promote DTH,PFC,HC50 and Macrophage phagocytosis ability in mice.MBPP could improve the anoxia endurance and immunological in mice.

Abstract:Uniform Design was used to select the best inclusion processing conditions for the compound of puerarin with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD).CD,TLC,UV and IR were applied to verify the inclusion complex.Experiments showed that solubility,optical properties,hydrophilic nature of the inclusion complex had been improved.That provided a theoretical basis inorder to develop the role of the time delay of puerarin new oral dosage form.

Abstract:This manuscript study the measurement uncertainty during the determination of benzoic acid in the reconstituted tobacco sheets by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).For this,a mathematic model was established and the source of the uncertainty was analyzed.Each components of uncertainty was estimated by analyzing the various variable parameters among the procedures,the combined uncertainty was then finally determined by synthesizing the uncertainties of various component variables.The results showed the mathematic model was reasonable and reliable.

Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice(100% raw juice)and Rosa roxburghii Tratt collagen drink on restraint-stress induced liver injury of mice.METHODS The male KM mice were randomly divided into normal control group,stress model group,Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice group and Rosa roxburghii Tratt collagen drink group.The mice were orally administered samples once a day successively for 7 days,then restrained for 18 h after 30 min of the last intragastric administration.Datum were obtained including activities of Alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and the Oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC)value in plasma,the content of Malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in liver.Antioxidant capacity of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and collagen drink in vitro were also determined.RESULTS Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and collagen drink can markedly decrease activities of ALT in plasma,reduced MDA level in liver and effectively increase ORAC value in plasma of mice compared with the model group.They can also increase SOD activities in mice liver.Apart from the above roles,Rosa roxburghii Tratt collagen drink can increase GSH content in mice liver compared with model group.Additionally,Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and collagen drink can effectively increase the ORAC value in vitro.CONCLUSION The results indicate that Rosa roxburghii Tratt and collagen drink had the effect of protecting liver from damage induced by stress in mice.It is considered that this protective effect may be related to its free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects.

Abstract:The target of this study is to investigate the biodiversity of 70 Lactobacilli strains,isolated from the acid whey for dairy fan made by herd man families in Yunnan Dali the Bai nationality Region in China,for this,AFLP technique integrated with NTSYS-pc2.1 software was developed to investigate the polymorphism and types of the strains.The results suggested that the amplified bands of AFLP were clear and stable with high repetition and high polymorphisms.The cluster analysis showed that at level 0.89,70 tested strains were clustered into 4 groups: Lactobacillus fermentum,Lactobacillus helveticus(65.7%) and Lactobacillus plantarum.The biodiversity of isolates from Ⅲ was further investigated.At level 0.90,they were clustered into 8 genotypes.

Abstract:A strain with capablity of producing γ-Aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid was isolated from variety of fermented food and different natutal environment samples,and the conditions of transformation were optimized.Process and Method: Isolation and purification method of Lactic acid bacteria was used to screen the strain yielding γ-amino butyric acid,and its morphology analysis,physiological and biochemical properties and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequence were identified.And then the conditions of transformation were optimized for the Lactic acid bacteria separately.Based on Systems Manual of Determinative Common Bacteriology,the bacteria was preliminarily identified Lactobacillus plantarum.The better transformation conditions as follows: cell age 36 h,buffer initial pH 4.8,buffer concentration 0.2 mol/L;The content of GABA was over 34.26 g/L and transformation efficient was up to 97.81% in the optimum transformation conditions.The strain can be used to produce γ-amino butyric acid and has a higher converting capability of GABA.

Abstract:In this paper,purification and properties of laccase produced by Coriolus hirsutus in solid state fermentation were studied.Crude extract of laccase from Coriolus hirsutus was collected after solid state fermentation.The laccase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by the serials of steps of centrifugation,filtration,ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose fast flow and gel filtration on sephadex G-100.Purification of 15.53 fold was achieved with an overall yield of 51.21%.Its molecular weight was estimated to be about 62 600 by SDS-PAGE.Studies on the properties of the laccase showed that the optimum temperature was 50 ℃ and the optimum pH were 4.0 in citrate buffer and 3.0 in sodium acetate buffer.The laccase catalyzed the oxidation of ABTS and catechol with a michaelis constant of 0.093 mmol/L and 3.71 mmol/L,respectively.

Abstract:According to the work of Shi Xiufan et al.(2000 Chinese Science Bulletin 45 2520) and Zhu Ping et al.(Chinese physics B,1(2009)),this study computes the relative usage degree of the synonymous codon of F/10 and G/11 Xylanase:(RSCU and QRSCU).Through the analysis and comparison,it was found that the quasi-amino acid shown more consistent preference to the synonymous codon.This result indicated that F/10 and G/11 Xylanase prefer to use the codons with strong combination of the codon-anticodon,just the codons ending with g/c based on the classification of quasi-amino acids.The results present here demonstrated a good accordance with the results that achieved on the 78 human genes and further verified codon preference closely related to quasi-amino acids coding method.

Abstract:Total 20 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the fermented sausage.5 strains which suitable for fermented sausage production were identified on basis of their biochemical characteristics,the result shows that: 2 strains named FG-1,ML-2 were identified as L.plantarum,2 strains named GL-2、GX-2 were identified as L.casei,1 strain named F2-2 was identified as L.rhamnosus.

Abstract:This study aims to increase exopolysaccharid production d by optimizing the culture and nutrient conditions of Lactobacillus lactis.The results showed that Elliker was the optimum medium.Three statistically significant ingredients,yeast extract,the initial pH and fermentation time,which were determined by Plackett-Burman design.Based on the results of the first phase,the five-level three-factor central composite design was employed to optimize the above critical factors.The exopolysaccharid titer was achieved at 3.910 g/L,with the combination of yeast extract 17.35 g/L,the initial pH 5.85,fermentation time 23.18 h.

Abstract:To study the selective activity and stability of β-galactosidase gene(lacZ) from Lactobacillus acidophilus as a food-grade selection marker,the lacZ gene from L.acidophilus was cloned and expressed in L.lactis.In this study,the selective activity was determined by X-gal-containing medium and the activity and specific activity of β-galactosidase by X-gal.The results showed that the positive recombinant strains were selected successfully by β-galactosidase activity and X-gal coloration.The β-galactosidase specific activity of the recombinant L.lactis after a period of 60 generations selected with X-gal was similar to that of the 2nd generation(P=0.592>0.05),and also similar to the 61st generation selected with Erythromycin(P=0.882>0.05).These results indicated that the β-galactosidase lacZ gene had good activity and stability as a selection marker,and it could be used as a selection marker for construction of a food-grade vector.

Abstract:16S rDNAs carry significant species-specific genetic information,but species identification is not straight forward because the sequence identity varies greatly for different species.In this manuscript,we analyze the key sites that are well conserved within species but significantly varied between species using an information theoretic approach.The method proposed by us was just using the sites(key sites) which contained more genetic information than that of the normal sites of the sequences,to classify the bacterium rather than using the overall sequence.Only a few sites of the whole sequences are responsible for the classification of species.The results presented here demonstrated that key-sites based similarity measures have much better statistical characteristics than that of the traditional overall sequence identity scores

Abstract:The aim of this study is to determine the optimum nutrient and environmental conditions for folimat degradation by strain pseudomonas L-3,For this,the single factor experiment was applied and the optimum conditions were listed as follows: L-3 was 1.7% cane sugar,0.92% beef peptone,0.184% KH2PO4.The optimal degradation environmental condition was pH 7.0,30 ℃,3% inoculum size,50 mg/L initial folimat concentration.With the optimun conditions,the degradation rate reached at 82.59%.

Abstract:In the paper,the Bacillus coagulans JD-063 was mutagenized using UV,diethyl sulfate,cobalt 60γ-ray and microwave;Mutant strains were carried out fermentation test and genetic atability test.Finaly,we selected a strain JD-76D which had some notable features.Using the mutant strain,the amount of produced acid was increased to 145 g/L from 61 g/L using starting strain,the purity of D-lactic acid reached to 98.7% which was more than 97.5% of original strain.