Abstract:Glucose homeostasis is essential for human health with its critical role for the normal function of the central nervous system.Starch is one important glucose-producing carbohydrate in foods,and its digestion extent and glucose release rate reflect its nutritional property which is affected by both the botanical sources and food processing.Based on the rate of digestion,starch has been classified into rapidly digestible starch(RDS),slowly digestible starch(SDS) and resistant starch(RS).Scientific evidence supports that SDS,as the intermediate portion of starch digestion,might prevent the occurrence of many chronic diseases due to its mild effects on glucose homeostasis regulatory systems.However,how to make starch with a slow digestion property is still under investigations.In the current review,the structure and mechanism of SDS will be discussed,and it is expected that this review will contribute to the further development of SDS,and an earlier realization of its potential benefits to improve human health.

Abstract:In the study,B-type microcrystal starch was firstly dissolved in DMSO and dispersed in the hot water,and then mixed with a certain proportion of the stearic acid,monostearin,palmitic acid and isoamyl alcohol,through crystallizing,centrifuging washing and formation of starch-ligand complex were acquired.X-ray diffractometer were used to analyze those complexes.the crystal structure of V-type complex was achieved at the ratio of monostearin to starch and stearic acid to starch is 1∶4 and 1∶5,respectively.

Abstract:The 5th international medicinal mushroom conference was held from Sep 5th to 8 th,2009,in Nantong of China.This international medicinal mushroom forum held every two years,a series of academic topics were presented and discussed in different technical programs.Almost every area in research and development of medicinal mushroom such as taxonomy,ecology,germplasm depositories,cultivation techniques,fermentation processes,nutritional attributes and medicinal effects of medicinal mushroom were covered in the conference,in which some will still be important research fields of international medicinal mushrooms.Meanwhile,the conference provided the potential clues for China medicinal mushroom research.Compared with that of the international research progress,there is both opportunities and challenges for the development of medicinal mushroom in China.

Abstract:Production of secondary metabolities by microbial transformation is a very effective means.However,no C4H and coumaric acid are found in microorganism,this limited the large scale of production of secondary metabolities from phenylalanine metabolism pathway.L-tyrosine was catalysised to form p-coumaric acid by tyrosine ammoni lyase without C4H,Base on the advantage,zymologic feature crystal structure,catalytic mechanism and genetic engineering of TAL were reviewed in this manuscript.

Abstract:The aim of this study was to establish an analysis method of aroma volatiles in peanut oil using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with GC-MS.The optimum SPME conditions were determined and listed as follows: a PDMS-DVB fiber,magnetic stirring,the extraction temperature of 50 ℃,the extraction time of 40 min and the desorption time of 5 min.53 volatile compounds were then identified using the optimized HS-SPME condition combined with GC-MS.

Abstract:This manuscript investigated the chemical oxidation and sensory quality of fortified milk with ferrous glycinate nanoliposomes.Ferrous glycinate nanoliposome was prepared with wall material mainly composed of egg lecithin by reverse phase evaporation method.Nanoliposomes were spherical particles with a homogenous distribution.Ferrous glycinate nanoliposome,as well as ferrous sulfate and ferrous glyciante were used to fortify milk.Chemical oxidation and sensory quality of unfortified and fortified milks was measured using thiobarbituric acid test,color difference analysis,viscosity analysis and turbidity determination.Results demonstrated that the lipid oxidation extent of ferrous glycinate nanoliposome fortified milk was slighter and the fortified milk was the most stable one.

Abstract:In this study,the microwave and ultrasonic techniques were introduced to used to extract polyphenol from bayberry(Myrica rubra) juice.the optimum extraction conditions were investigated by the single facter and orthogonal design.The results showed that the optimal conditions for the microwave extraction as follows: alcohol density 80%,microwave power 500W,radiation time 25 s,and 4∶1 ration of liquid to material.The yield of polyphenol could reach 514.837 mg/L.The results showed that the optimal conditions of the ultrasonic extraction as follows: alcohol density 60%,ultrasonic power 500 W,ultrasonic time 35 min,and 4∶1 ration of liquid to material.The yield of polyphenol could reach 609.256 mg/L.the aboved results demonstrated that the ultrasonic extraction capacity of polyphenol from bayberry(Myrica rubra) juice was higher than that of the microwave extraction.

Abstract:This manuscript studied the effects of the polysacchrides from Fistular Onion Stalk on blood lipid and their preventive effects on alcoholic liver.In the function test of reducing blood lipid,the wistar rats were divided into six groups: three control groups,low dose group(100 mg/kg),middle dose group(200 mg/kg),high dose group(400 mg/kg).After continuously feeding to rats for 30 days,we take tail blood to determine the content of TC,TG and HDL-C.The results showed that the effect of reducing blood lipid of polysaccharides was better than Xuezhikang capsule.The high dose group significantly reduce TG but not TC.Every dose group could increase HDL-C significantly.In the test of the preventive effect of alcoholic liver,the mice were divided into six groups as the aboved.Continuously feeding to mice for 30 days,we determine the content of MDA,TG and GSH.The results showed that the preventive effect of of polysaccharides on alcoholic liver was worse than Shuifeilisu;The high dose group can significantly reduce TG but increase GSH content.Every group could reduce MDA significantly.From these results we drew the conclusion that Fistular Onion Stalk Polysaccharides could reduce blood lipid of wistar rats but the preventive effect on alcoholic liver was weak.

Abstract:As a specific non-ionic surfactant,sugar esters widely used in food,cosmetics,and pharmaceutical industries.Sugar esters originated from enzyme-catalyzed synthesis process exhibited many advantages,such as more safe and better prospective.The manuscript summarized the factors that affect the sugar esters production by enzyme reaction,including the reactor,reaction media,substrates,etc.

Abstract:In this study,a nano-gold which diameters were about 15 nm was prepared through a the simple and rapid microwave technique.The nano-gold absorbing rabbit IgG was performed by UV-visible spectrophotometer.The absorption maximum wavelength of gold colloidal solution was obvious changed when IgG coupled to nano-gold.It range from 518 nm to 526 nm.For the adsorption effect of nano-gold to antibody-Fc part,it was described by the variation of O.D.When rabbit IgG reacted with HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG and formed a compound,the remaining HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG in the supernatant decreased after centrifugation.The HRP catalyzed substrate reaction with the color variation.Finally it was shown a good adsorption effect through the ratio of O.D,and the percentage was over 92%.

Abstract:The blanching pretreatment could destroy tissue largely and cause a large number of water-soluble nutrient loss,so the quality of quick-frozen vegetable decreased greatly.The effect of ozone water and ultrasound on broccoli were investigated in this paper.The rigidity after thawing,peroxidase activity,nutrient content and sensory evaluation,the important indexes of product quality,were determined.Peroxidase enzymes can be inactivated greatly and the quality would be better maintained when a new synergy method,combination ozone water and ultrosound,was applied as pretreatment before quick-frozen broccoli.

Abstract:It is companied by the production of sulfide and ammonia in the process of meat spoilage.The complex modified electrode assembled with MWNTs/PVA/(pq)2Ir(N-phMA) have a good response to inorganic ammonia,were developed on the base of the theory of electrochemiluminescence.In the experiment,the MWNTs/PVA/(pq)2Ir(N-phMA) electrode was used as a working electrodes,platinum wire electrode used as a counter electrode,and Ag / AgCl electrode as a reference electrode,to make for cyclic voltammetry-ECL scan.Scan range of 0.2 ~ 1.8V,scan rate of 100 mv/s,the linear range of 1.8×10-7 ~ 1.0×10-9 mol/L,the detection limit is 1.2×10-13 mol/L.With the range of 0.2 ~ 1.8V,the scan speed of 100 mv/s,the linear range of 1.8×10-7 ~ 1.0×10-9 mol/L.Experimental results show that the ECL response value have good correlation with the extent of meat corruption,and the method can be used to monitor the freshness of meat.

Abstract:This manuscript study the optimum factors compositions that affecting compression molding of shred fish.for this,the loss percentage of compression and the relaxation ratio used at indexes to investigate effect of material factors(particle diameter,water ratio),mold form(shap and size of cross section),processing parameter(loading velocity,final pressure,keeping time) on the shred fish.This study provided that the research direction for the design of compression molding equipment of shred fish.

Abstract:The objective of this study was to provide enough scientific evidence and reference for the non-polluted meat products and the food supervision department.For this,the Kun Ming mice were taken as animal models and were filled Sodium Selenium of health foods in the stomach in order to perform the acute and accumulative toxicity experiment.The effect of selenium to the animals growth performance,pathological change,blood biochemical and routine indexes was carefully investigated and the results demonstrated that :The LD50 was 3.86mg/kg and selenium was weak accumulative toxicity to mice.

Abstract:This study choose the total flavonoids content,sedimentation rate and transmission rate of Nanguo pear as index to evaluate the stability of aqueous solution.The optimum dose formula for aqueous solution was gelatin 25 g/dL,tannin 5 g/dL with the transmission rate as the main indicators.The optimum stabilizer formula was achieved through the L9(34)orthogonal experiments: EDTA disodium 0.075 mg/mL,ascorbic acid 0.05 mg/mL,sodium citrate 0.05 mg/mL,sodium polymer 0.1 mg/mL with precipitation rate as the main targets.However,with flavonoids as the main indicator,the optimum storage conditions at room temperature away from light preservation;optimal sterilization conditions for 90 ℃ sterilization 20 min.

Abstract:The antioxidant activities of Pollock peptides were studied at first in this manuscript and demonstrated he Pollock peptides had strong scavenging hydroxyl free radical activity,and scavenging 1,diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) activity,and reducing activity.In order to obtain high homogenous antipeptide,the Pollock peptides were purified by ultraffltrations,gel filtration,anion-exchange chromatography(Q-FF),and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) in turn.These results showed that Pollock peptides separated on Q-FF column and three components(B1,B2,B3) were obtained.B2 was identified by RP-HPLC to be homogenous.

Abstract:Effect of arabic gum on pasting and rheological properties of potato starch were studied.Pasting properties of the mixed systems in water,salt,acid and sucrose solutions were determined by RVA(rapid viscosity analyzer).The results indicated that peak viscosity of the potato starch during pasting decreased with increasing arabic gum concentration in water.The mixed systems had better stabilities under heating,but worse stabilities during cooling.The viscosity of mixed pasts slightly decreased in salt and acid solutions,but significantly increased by sucrose addition.Flow tests showed that all pastes exhibited shear-thinning behavior in which the hysteresis loop areas were significantly decreased by arabic gum addition.

Abstract:The study synthesized a propanediol lactate with lactic acid and propylene glycol as substrate and catalyst by an immobilized Candida rugosa lipase.as catalyst and compared the moisture absorption and water absorption of lactic acid、propylene glycol and propanediol lactate.The optimum reaction conditions were determined and listed as follows: The reaction was stirred at 50 ℃ with hexane as solvent,0 g/L initial lactic acid concentration and then feed at 0.01mol/L for 20 h,0.4 mol/L propylene glycol concentration,0.2 g/L immobilized lipase,2.0 g/L molecular sieve,and the reaction time is 60 h.With this optimum conditions,the conversion percent of lactic acid to propanediol lactate was achieved at 97.3%.The purified product after reaction was proved as propanediol lactate by MS and infrared spectrum analysis which content was above 99%.Then the moisture absorption and water absorption of lactic acid,propylene glycol and propanediol lactate were compared and the results shown that the effect of moisture absorption of propanediol lactate was better than that of lactic acid and propylene glycol,respectively.The effect of water absorption was the same as that of propylene glycol in the same temperature and humidity condition.Propanediol lactate was used as cigarette additive.The smoke was comfortable and the dry sensation was reduced.

Abstract:In this study,a method for determining the content of oligosaccharides,including sucrose,raffinose,stachyose in tobacco casing materials by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was developed.Separation and quantification were achieved by Waters Sugar Pak1(6.5 mm 300 mm,5 μm) with 1.0 mL/min pure water as the mobile phase,column temperature at 85℃ and Refractive Index Detector.The quantified analysis of external standard calibration curves was used.There were good linear correlations between the concentrations of three sugars and their chromatographic peak areas and the correlation coefficients were 0.9991-0.9997.The recoveries were 96.9%-103.5%,the RSD of the method was less than 4.7%.And the detection limits were 3.5-4.0 g/mL.This method is simple,rapid and accurate,and has been applied for eh quantitative analysis of sucrose,raffinose,stachyose in tobacco casing materials.

Abstract:The operation characteristics and microbial community distribution of Anammox process in the MBR was studied in this manuscript.Seeding with synthetic media,we found that the granular sludge with 0.2~1 mm diameter was obtained successfully.The nitrogen-loading rate amounted to 0.245 kgTN/(m3·d),and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen,NH4+-N and NO2——N was 80%,81% and 91 %,respectively.Experiencing the hydraulic shock text,the HRT of MBR was gradually shorted from 14 to 7.9 h,the NH4+-N and NO2——N removal efficiencies were kept at about 75% and 85%,respectively.Based on terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism(T-RFLP) analysis,Microbial community diversity was achieved,and the predominant populations of Anammox bacteria found in MBR system were the planctomyce,pirellula,gemmata,pseudomonas after enrichment.The results presented here provided a theoretical basis for the change of microbial community during Anammox process.

Abstract:This study investigated the effect of medium compositions and the environmental conditions on the production of antitumor metabolite and listed as follows: carbon source,corn starch,nitrogen source,yeast extract;the ratio of carbon and nitrogen,12:6;If 5 mg/L Gly,Glu,Ala,10 mg/L Try,Tyr,1.0 mg/L LiSO4、MnCl2、Na2MoO4、NaH2PO4 were supplemented to the culture broth,the yield of antitumor secondary metabolite would be significant improved.The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: fermentation term,7 d;initiative pH 7.4;fermentation temperature,30 ℃;seed culture term,4 d;the volume of culture liquid contained in 500 mL conical tank,125 mL;rotor speed,150 r/min.

Abstract:The aim of this study was to obtain the fusion protein HSA-IL2m with high IL2 bioactivity,for this,the recombinant plasmid encoding HSA-IL2C125A was constructed and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115.The DNA fragment encoding mutant IL-2 of C125A was design and synthesized based on codon usage bias of P.pastoris.The fragment was spliced with Human Serum Album encoding gene and then the fusion gene was cloned into pPIC9K to construct the expression plasmid pPHIm by restrictive digestion and ligation.Recombinant yeast of P.pastoris GS115/pPHIm was obtained with pPHIm linearization and electroporation.The excreting product was obtained under shake flask culture.Results: Western-blot showed the fusion protein reactive positively with the antibody of IL-2 and HSA,respectively.The crude fusion protein prepared by desalting and freeze-drying showed IL-2 bioactivity of 5.0 105 IU/mg.The results demonstrated that the fusion protein of HSA-IL2m with IL-2 bioactivity was successfully expressed in P.pastoris GS115.

Abstract:The gene encoding alkaline lipase(Lip I) is cloned from Penicillium cyclopium PG37 and the genetic information is analyzed by bioinformatic tool.Sequence analysis showed that Lip I DNA is 1480 bp long with no repeat sequence and five introns,and there is a TATA box and several transcription factor binding sites in the 5’ end.Lip I cDNA is 1128 bp long with an open reading frame containing 858 bp.It also has transcription start site,5’ and 3’ non-coding region.TGC,GAC,TTC,CAC,AAG,AAC and TAC codons are used at highest frequency in Lip I gene.Comparing codon usage frequency of the Lip I with Pichia pastoris genome’ showed that the ratios of 21 codon usage frequency are different widely.

Abstract:In this study,two types of myosin heavy chain isoform gene were isolated from fast skeletal muscles of silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) acclimatized in winter and summer by RT-PCR and 3’-RACE,and named low temperature-type(sc-w) and high temperature-type(sc-s),respectively.These two isoform genes encompassed parts of 3′-translated and entire 3′-untranslated regions and encoded amino acid sequences of the C-terminal for light meromyosin(LMM).The marked differences between sc-w and sc-s were observed in the upstream and downstream regions of the stop codon.The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of these two isoforms showed 79.5% and 88.1% identities,respectively.Isoform-specific differences were clearly observed between sc-w and sc-s in 15 amino acid residues.Furthermore,among these amino acid mutations,11 mutations occurred at the highly conserved residue sites of LMM heavy chain from other freshwater fish belonging to Cyprinidae except for the grass carp 10 C type(gc10).These results seem to suggest that myosin heavy chain isoforms expressed in low temperature-acclimated freshwater fish require some amino acid substitutions to adapt its assembly characteristics to different environmental temperature,and subsequently reveal functional properties different from those expressed in high temperature-acclimated freshwater fish at protein level.On the other hand,phylogenetic analysis further indicated that the myosin heavy chain isoforms from fish inhabiting similar environmental temperatures have close gene distances,demonstrating the effects of temperature on genomic divergence and functional evolution of myosin heavy chains from eurythermal freshwater fish.

Abstract:In this study,two strains,TC-3 and TC-2,identified as Bacillus sp.and Bacillus subtilis based on the biological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis,was screened from 25 isolates of endophytic bacteria from wild Taxus chinensis in Qinba Mountain.Those strain exhibited the ability in producing inhibitory activity substance,Without the effect of organic acid and hydrogen peroxide,supernatant of the liquid culture of TC-3 and TC-2 showed significant inhibitory activity against gram-positive bacteria,including Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli.Inhibition of some kind of epiphyte was also found.After treatment with trypsin,pepsin and proteinase K,the culture’s inhibitory activity decreased slightly,this showed that it is non-protein ingredients or antibacterial effect of the non-single material.This indicated it belongs to a kind of bacteriocin-like substance.The inhibitory substance,showed good heating stability,high activity at low pH,low sensitivity to proteinases and a broad antibacterial spectrum.

Abstract:In order to get high-yield γ-decalactone and genetic markers,an auxotrophic Yarrowia lipolytica strain was isolated by genetic modification.In this study,URA3,a key gene for uracil synthetase of Yarrowia lipolytica,was disrupted using the method of gene homologous recombination,then transformants were screened by uracil auxotrophic medium(SD-URA) with the combination of 5-FOA and uracil.The results showed that the uracil auxotrophic strain was able to grow at the SD-URA medium containing 5-FOA and uracil while the wild-type strains do not grown.Therefore,an easy and efficient method for obtaining auxotrophic Yarrowia lipolytica strain was established in this study.

Abstract:The sediment microbial fuel cells(SMFC),which can simultaneously degrade organic pollutants and recover electric energy,are developed to treat cyanobacterial water,which can biologically degrade organic pollutants and recover electric energy.The effects of substrate types on power generation of SMFC were investigated in this study.The results showed that the performance of SMFC established was significantly influenced by substrate type.The power densities of cyanobacteria+sodium acetate,cyanobacteria,cyanobacteria +glucose and control system were 15.59,12.72,10.52 and 8.35 mW/m2,respectively,while the COD removal efficiency of those were 60.1%,27.2%,19.6% and 18.1%,respectively.The different variational law between the power densities and the COD removal efficiency could be attributed to the fact that the removed COD was not completely used to power generation by the electricigens in the SMFC system due to the existence of ferment substrate-glucose.

Abstract:Multiple sequence alignment(MSA),known as NP-complete problem,is one of the basic problems in computational biology.At present Profile Hidden Markov Model(HMM) was widely used in multiple sequence alignment.This manuscript presented the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization(QPSO) which was based on particle swarm optimization.The proposed algorithm was used to optimize the profile HMM.Furthermore,an integration algorithm based on the profile HMM and QPSO for the MSA was constructed.Then the approach was evaluated by a set of standard instances which are chosen from nucleotides sequences and the benchmark alignment database,name as BAliBASE.Finally our results are compared with other algorithms.The result shown that the proposed algorithm not only finds out the perfect profile HMM,but also obtains the optimal alignment of multiple sequence.