Abstract:Maillard reaction is one of the common reactions between reducing sugar and protein in vivo,and is very complex in both the reaction process and its products and the end products of this reaction named as advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs).It was widely accepted that many human diseases origin from Maillard reaction.This review focused on the mechanisms of Maillard reaction in vivo,the relationships between AGEs and some diseases,and the progress of the inhibitors.

Abstract:In this manuscript,a high substituted cationic starch was synthesized and then applied on the emulsification.The best performances of emulsification and sizing in papermaking were achieved at conditions:the cationic starch density of positive charge was 0.5~3.5 meqv/g,substitution was more than 0.1,viscosity was less than 1 000 mPa·s.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the extraction method of microorganism ATP used in bioluminescence techniques were studied.According to compare the extract results of different extractants,it was found that that benzalkonium bromide(BAB) is the best extractant to extract all of ATP microorganism cells.The extraction conditions including the extractant concentration and the extaction time were determined and listed as follows: 0.05 % BAB mixing with bacteria cells for 3-4 min.The finding was applied to rapidly evaluate the effect of microwave sterilization coupling with bioluminescent technology and the reliable results can be obtained within a short time.According to the sterilization effect of different microwave power and sterilization time,we found that E.Coli ATCC25922 can be completely exterminated irrediated by 2 450 MHz 650 w microwave for 60 s but 70 s for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923.When treated with 2450 MHz microwave all for 60 s,the power for compelte extermination of E.Coli ATCC25922 is 650 w but 700 s for Staphylococcus aureus ATC25923.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to enhance the anti-hypertension activity of defatted wheat germ protein(DWGP) hydrolysate,for this,ultrasound was employed.The effects of ultrasonic power on the different indexes have been carefully investigated and an obvious difference on free sulfhydryl and fluorescence spectra of DWGP after ultrasound treatment was observed but the DWPG hydrolysis degree did not affect by the ultrasound treatment.The solubility and hydrophobicity of wheat germ globulin increase with the increasing of ultrasonic power(less than 800w).Furthermore,the relative ACE inhibitory activity of the hydrolysate was increased by 41.09% when treated by 800w ultrasound,due to the structure change of DWPG.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the effect of storage conditions,including storage materials,temperature,etc on the dried squids quality were carefully investigated through singe factor experiment.Based on this result,a kinetic model which describe the effect of storage time and temperature on the acid value,peroxide value and total bacterial count was established.It was found that this model could fine predict the changes of the dried squids quality during storage.

Abstract:The anti-oxidative effect of hawthorn extracts origin from different process were study by using DPPH and pyrogallol autooxidation methods in this manuscript.The results showed that all of them had anti-oxidative activity,and exhibit a positive correlation with the concentration and the anti-oxidative activity of the extracts.Among of them,the order of anti-oxidative effect was listed as follows: obtained from ethanol bath>SFE-CO2>water.The ethyl acetate part of hawthorn extracts demonstrated the strongest anti-oxidative activity.

Abstract:High-voltage Pulsed Electric Field(PEF) is a very promising non-thermal food sterilization technology.The key component,PEF chamber,directly influences the sterilization effect.In this study,a safe and reliable PEF chamber which has a uniform distribution of the electric field and an adjustable capacity of handling materials was designed.The static chamber designed was applied in the pulsed electric fields(PEF) to sterilize the inoculated E.coli in Liquid Whole Egg(LWE).In the original samples of the bacteria whose concentration of E.coli bacteria is 106-107cfu /ml,5.05 log Sterilization was achieved by using PEF-only processing at 34.2 kV/cm for 400μs.This result shows that the designed static treatment room is feasible,and it can be used in the related mechanism research,such as sterilization and inactivating enzyme.

Abstract:In this study,a modified starch-g-polylactic acid was synthesized by in situ graft copolymerization.Three modifiers were analyzed in modifying soluble starch,and the copolymerization mechanism was discussed preliminarily.The copolymer was characterized by IR,(H1-NMR) and SEC/MALLS.It is concluded that maleic anhydride was the best modifier,contributing to starch grafting with PLA;molecular weight(Mw)of the copolymer is to be 6.921×104,molecular weight distribution(Mw/Mn) 1.445.In addition,the degradation study showed that mass of the copolymer degraded faster than that of PLA in PBS buffer solution.

Abstract:With Radix aristolochiae as substrate,twenty fungi was test and 13 different fungi were found to be grown on it.Compare with that of the control,the AA Ⅰ content was decreased in those 13 fermentation product,and the AA Ⅰ content in 6 fermentation product was lower than 50%,compared with that of the control.Similarly,the TAA contents were also detected to be decrease.Among of them,the highest and lowest rate of decline was 46.76% and 7.61%,respectively.After statistical analysis,the ability to decompose the nephrotoxic substances in Radix aristolochiae of the 13 fungi was illustrated as follows(from the strong to the weak): F-1> F-2> F-5> F-6> F-8> F-13> F-4> F-11> F-3> F-9> F-10> F-12> F-7(the symbol of different fungi).Those results indicated that different fungi fermentation could efficient decrease the nephrotoxic components in Radix aristolochiae.

Abstract:This manuscript study the relationship between acetobacter biomass and the amount of acetic acid production in a carrier adsorption fermentation with comcobs as carriers.A series of optimum process parameters were achieved and listed as follows:(1)the initial ethanol content is 5-7%;(2) the content of substrate(acetic acid) is 1%;(3)The carriers could Absorb the acetobacter and it is the place of acetification;(4)The combination of phase gas-offering and alterable frequency insufflation could improve the acetic acid conversion rate 3%(compared with that of gas-offering models) and 12%(that of non-carriers fermentation),respectively.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the growth kinetics parameters analysis and construction the relationship in chilled pork stored aerobically in different temperature was carried out with mix microorganisms were inoculated to the no contamination longissimus muscle and tray-packaged at 0℃,4℃,7℃,10℃,14℃ and 20℃.The results showed that the temperature dependence of specifics spoilage microorganisms kinetic parameters-μmax(maximum specific growth rate) andλ(lag phase) were the major parameters.Shelf life had the positive correlation with lag time.The highest correlation coefficient was 0.991.Shelf life execute negative role on the maximum specific growth rate.With the temperature increased from 0℃ to 20℃,λ decreased and μmax increased,as a result,the shelf life reduced from 158h to 24h.Based on the above results,the conclusion can be inferred: the chilled pork in the production,circulation and distribution should be strictly keep at less then 20℃.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to increase accuracy of tobacco flavors analysis results,for this,a polar coupling column system was adopted to optimize,analysize and comprise with GC/MS analysis results and the relationship between taste and chemical compounds obtained by different analysis results was comprised.The results showed that polar coupling column system exhibited greater separate ability,the compounds qualified were much more than that of one-dimensional GC/MS and has higher accordance to the taste result.Those results has proven that the system can fully qualify chemical compounds in tobacco flavors and,increase scientific nature and efficiency of flavor blending.

Abstract:The volatile oils origin from both Fructus Aurantii Immaturus(FAI) and Fructus Aurantii(FA) of Citrus wilsonii Tanaka grown in Hanzhong,Shaanxi Province were extracted by steam distillization,and qualitatively and quantitively analyzed by GC-MS in this study.The differences between C.wilsonii and C.aurantium on volatile oils were also compared.The FAI of C.wilsonii were composed of 65 volatile oils,with the main components of D-limonene,γ-terpene,β-cubebene and α-pinene.FA contained 75,with D-limonene,γ-terpene,β-myrcene and α-terpineol as the main components.A total of 44 common constituents existed in both FAI and FA of C.wilsonii.Compared with volatile oils of C.aurantium,those in FAI of C.wilsonii were 8 similar and 57 different,and those in FA share 12 same substrance.Therefore,volatile oils were very similar in both parts of the same species,however,there are different between C.wilsonii and C.aurantium.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to build the relationship of physical,gelatinized and retrograded properties of starches between the starchy foods qualities.For this,twenty broad bean starches varieties from main cultivated areas in China were chosen and made into the corresponding starch noodles,then the cooking and sensory qualities were evaluated and the correlation between physical,gelatinized,retrograded properties of broad bean starches and qualities of their starch noodles were analysis.It was found that:(1)HADCD,BSDBC,TX2,DBBQC and LYCD starches exhibited the best quality for processing starch noodles;(2)The lower the water binding capacity of broad bean starch,the lower the solubility of broad bean starch,the lower the swelling power of broad bean starch,the better the quality of its noodles;(3)The freeze-thaw syneresis and light transmittance of broad bean starch were not significantly correlative with cooking and sensory quality of their starch noodles;(4)RVA parameters of broad bean starch were markedly correlative with sensory quality of their noodles,especially breakdown,peak viscosity,strength etc;(5)The stronger the gel strength of broad bean starch,the better the cooking and sensory qualities of its starch noodles.From those results,it was concluded that the cooking and sensory qualities of starch noodles by solubility,water binding capacity and gel strength of broad bean starch,and the sensory quality of starch noodles judge by RVA parameters of broad bean starch.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to develop a astaxanthin extraction process from hydrolyzing the Crayfish shell by papain.For this,the optimal hydrolyzed conditions was determined by the single factor test and the central point experimental design and the optimum conditions as fellows: temperature 48.5,pH 5.8,E/S 2522U/g,hydrolyzed time 63 min,L/S 2:1.A higher carotenoids amount and density achieved at 115.761μg.g-1 and 13.06%,respectively.The amount was higher 13.8% than that of the amount extracted by acid treatment The results presented here provided a new technology process for comprehensive utilization of shrimp waste.

Abstract:The aim of this study is to develop acticarbon preparation process from Corpus amygdaloideum.For this,with the adsorptivity of methylthionine chloride and the adsorptivity of iodine as indexes,response surface analysis was applied to acquire the optimum process parameters and listed as follows: activation temperature 600℃,activation time 90min,the rate of solid-liquid 1:3,the consistence of zinc chloride 50%,the power of microwave 700w,and the radiation time of microwave 7min.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the effect of reaction temperature and time on Kappa-selenocarrageenan was studied and the optimum conditions was described as follows: the first water bath at 60 ℃ for 3 hours,the second water bath at 28 ℃ for 22 hours;after the K+ with Kappa-selenocarrageenan enriched in gum-sweets,there was no adverse effect on the shape and texture properties on gum-sweets.Therefore,the Kappa-selenocarrageenan was applicable to gum-sweets as a nutritional enrichment agent.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the optimum supercritical fluid CO2 extraction process parameters of Radix Peucedani volatile oil was acquired by Orthogonal experimental design and described as follows:pressure 35 MPa,and 50 ℃ for 90 min,the dosage of Absolute ethyl alcohol entrainer was 20%,the separate temperature 45 ℃,the pressure 7~8 MPa,the extraction rate was 37.58%,76.32% of them are à-Pinene,á-Myrcene,Carene,Caryophyllene and so on.Compared with that of traditional method,the method provided here was a simple,efficient,and the ointment extracte with pure fragrance for yield oil.

Abstract:A coupled system used for the biosynthesis of glutathione(GSH) was constructed with Escherichia coli Δadd/ade(pBV03) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae WSH2.On one hand,the irreversible transformation from adenosine(Ado) to hypoxathine(Hx) in E.coli Δadd/ade(pBV03) was completely blocked by the disruption of adenosine deaminase(ADA) and adenine deaminase(ADE).On the other hand,the activity of ADE in S.cerevisiae WSH2 decreased greatly when it was cultured in proline minimal medium.Therefore,the transformation from Ado into Hx decreased significantly,and more Ado was used to regenerate ATP by S.cerevisiae WSH2.At last,ATP-regenerating efficiency was improved,and GSH production reached 13.68 mmol/L,which was 5.14 fold of the control.

Abstract:Lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified from 6 samples of fermentation broth for producing naturally fermented congee collected from different regions of Ordos area in Inner Mongolia,and then the biological characteristics of these isolates were investigated.A total of 18 lactic acid bacteria were isolated by incubating in MRS culture medium at 15,30,45 ℃.Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis,all these isolates were identified as five species including Lactobacillus(L.) casei(8 strains),L.plantarum(2 strains),L.brevis(3strains),L.fermentum(1 strains)and L.helveticus(4 strains).Results showed that L.casei was the predominant bateria in the culture of acid-gruel.The strains isolated from incubation at 30 ℃ were also identified by physiological and biochemical test and the result of identification was consistent to the result of molecular method.

Abstract:In this study,the total RNA of chymosin was extracted from Absomum of calf and its cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR.The purified RT-PCR products and pMD-18T vector were ligated and transformed into host strain E.coli JM109.The full length of Chymosin gene is consist of 1 143 bp,and encodes 381 amino acids.The homology of the nucleotides with NM180994 is 99.56%.The aim gene was expression on the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b and a recombinant plasmid pET-22b/Chymosin was constructed successfully.

Abstract:In this manuscript,the characteristics of the alcohol fermentation couple with methane production was study.The results showed that soluble COD,soluble TN,acetic acid and propionic acid were gradually accumulated during the methane fermentation.However,without any PO43——P and butyric acid was found.The conductivity has remained unchanged after four cycle.It was found that the accumulation of acetic acid and propionic acid led to the extension of alcohol fermentation.

Abstract:A novel ε-polylysine produce strain screen protocol was developed in this study based on the chemical characteristics of ε-polylysine.Through this three-steps protocol,42 strains has been identified as lysine polymer producer,then those polymer structure were analysized by chemical method,by which confirms that the polymer is linked by ε-NH2 and α-COOH.Among of them,one strain,0.8 g/L ε-polylysine was found in fermentation broth,was identified as Streptomyces padanus by the combination results of physiological and biochemical characteristics,and 16s rDNA sequence.

Abstract:In this study,the spectrophotometric method was used for determining the content of saponins from the mycelia in submerged culture.Ginsenoside Rg1 as the standard,at 550 nm,the linear range of the saponins concentration was from 10 μg to 240 μg,and the regressive equation was Y= 0.003 0 X-0.040 5,R2=0.998 4.The recovery rate was 99.4% and the relative standard deviation(RSD) was 1.97%.The relative standard deviation(RSD) of the accuracy was 1.89%.The content of saponins from the mycelia in submerged culture was about 2.69 mg/g.The method presented here has been proven to be convenient to operate and the result is accurate and highly sensitive.

Abstract:This manuscript was to study the health function and bacteriostasis of HRP from Hippophae rhamnoides L.Through determining the scavenging capacity of ·OH,O·-2,R,and bacteriostasis and minimal inhibitory concentration by HRP,HRP Ⅰ and HRP Ia,it has been found proven that HRP Ia exhibit highest scavenging capacity on on ·OH,O·-2 and R·,The maximum concentration for cleaning these free radical is 1000,400,80 μg/mL,respectively.Furthermore,HRP Ia can also inhibit the growth of E.coli,Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus cereus,and so on.

Abstract:In this study,rpsL mutation assay was use as model to determine the mutagenicity induced by acrylamide.E.coli MF101 carried with pMOL21 was treated with different concentrations of acrylamide(0.05,0.10,0.25,0.50,1.00 mg/mL,respectively).The results showed that with the increasing of the acrylamide concentration,rpsL mutation frequency significantly increases.Furthermore,a dosage-dependent relationship was detected.The results present here strong suggested that the rpsL mutation assay may be as a potential tool for investigating food and drug safety.

Abstract:Supercritical CO2(scCO2) as non-aqueous media could well dissolve substrates and products of coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) biotransformation reaction from solanesol,but it also had effects on microbial activity,so appropriate scCO2 conditions could improve CoQ10 yield.The effects of scCO2 on the catalytic activity of Schizosaccharomyces prombe(S.promb) and CoQ10 yield in different conditions were studied.The appropriate scCO2 conditions which could significantly promote the production of CoQ10 and could have little negative effects on the cells survival was: triple of cells’ wet weight of culture medium was added into the reaction system.,kept the pressure at 10.5 MPa for 16 h,the production of CoQ10 is 55.71 μg/mL,improved 97.5%.The results showed that optimization of scCO2 reaction system conditions could significantly improve the production of CoQ10.

Abstract:In this manuscript,factorial design and response surface techniques were used to design and optimize the nutrient and environmental conditions for tetrodotoxin production from Bacillus horikoshii S184.The content of peptone and phosphate,inoculum has been identified as three significant parameters for tetrodotoxin production by Plackett-Burman design.Based on those results,the optimum conditions were achieved by response surface techniques.With the optimum conditions,the yield of tetrodotoxin was increased to 1 900.60 ng/L from 666.65 ng/L.

Abstract:It was widely accepted that amino acid composition play vital role on the protein thermostability.In this manuscript,20-amino acid composition in their protein sequence was chosen as the feature vector of SVM and used to predict the protein thermostability by SVM.the accuracy increased from 85.4% to 88.2% by using the geometrical method to optimize SVM parameter.Furthermore,it could be acquired following conclusions:(1) geometrical method is an efficient method to improve the accuracy of SVM parameters;.(2) there is a very close relationship between percentage of amino acid and enzyme thermostability.

Abstract:A novel and environment friendly process for the utilization of fresh beer Saccharomycete biomass was proposed in this study.Follow by this process,the fresh beer yeast biomass could be fully act as the raw material to manufacture a kind of sauce for cook with the flavor of beer,and a kind of healthy food beneficial for the body weight keeping,do not produce more waste sludge and waste water.Furthermore,the optimum conditions for bidder taste removing and autolyzation were determined in this study.