柴达木大肥菇多糖的体内外抗氧化活性研究

Study on in Vivo and in Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc.

摘要:

【目的】探讨柴达木大肥菇（Agaricus bitorquis （Quél.） Sacc.）的子实体多糖（polysaccharides from sporocarp，PS）、胞内多糖（intercellular polysaccharides，IPS）及胞外多糖（exopolysaccharides，EPS）的体内外抗氧化活性。【方法】分别采用体外抗氧化体系、体内抗氧化（小鼠缺氧氧化损伤）模型，测定5种体外抗氧化指标及4种体内抗氧化指标。【结果】IPS、EPS及PS对DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基以及超氧阴离子自由基均具有清除能力且差异显著（P<0.05），其中IPS的效果最好；IPS、EPS、PS均能降低缺氧氧化损伤小鼠血液中丙二醛（monochrome display adapter，MDA）浓度，提高过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）的活性且差异显著（P<0.05）；与空白组比较，IPS使MDA浓度降低了73.00%、CAT活性提高了28.93%，而PS使SOD和GSH-Px活性分别提高了25.08%、72.14%。【结论】3种柴达木大肥菇多糖均具有较强的体内、外抗氧化活性，其中IPS抗氧化活性最高，作为天然抗氧化剂具有较高的研究价值。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to investigate the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activities of Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. polysaccharides, including polysaccharides from sporocarp (PS), intracellular polysaccharides (IPS), and exopolysaccharides (EPS). [Method] Five in vitro antioxidant indexes and four in vivo antioxidant indexes were determined using an in vitro antioxidant system and an in vivo antioxidant (mice injured by hypoxia oxidation) model. [Result] The results showed that IPS, EPS, and PS all had scavenging abilities against DPPH radical, ABTS radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical but at significantly different levels (P<0.05), and the effect of IPS was the best. IPS, EPS, and PS could decrease the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood of mice injured by hypoxia oxidation, and the levels changed by the three kinds of polysaccharides were significantly different (P<0.05). Compared with the blank group, IPS could decrease the concentration of MDA by 73.00% and increase the activity of CAT by 28.93%. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased by 25.08% and 72.14%, respectively by PS. [Conclusion] All the three kinds of polysaccharides from Agaricus bitorquis (Quél.) Sacc. have strong antioxidant activity in vivo and in vitro, with IPS having the highest antioxidant activity, which has high research value as a natural antioxidant.