食物防治抑郁症的研究现状及趋势分析

Research Status and Trend Analysis of Food Interventions for Depression

摘要:

为了了解食物与抑郁症关系的研究现况，作者确定检索词优化后用于Web of Science数据库Topic检索。在线分析文献一般特征，CiteSpace软件分析网络聚类共现特征，描述性分析关键文献。2020年文献大幅增长；发表最多的期刊为食品类，国家为美国、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大和中国，学科以精神病学、营养与食品学为主。前沿关键词包括food addiction、gut microbiota、food insecurity等，不同引文聚类之间有此消彼长现象。抑郁症风险因素包括炎症饮食、进食障碍、超重、代谢综合征和COVID-19等，压倒性结论为健康饮食对抑郁症有正面影响。发达国家在本领域领先，创伤性大事件推动了研究进展。研究前沿为食物成瘾、食物不安全和肠菌。研究范式从狭窄视角向宏观转移，饮食有望成为重要的抑郁症干预措施。

Abstract:

To well understand the current research status on the relationship between food and depression, the authors determined the optimal search terms for Web of Science Database Topic retrieval. The general characteristics of literature was analyzed online, and the network clustering and co-occurrence analysis were conducted using CiteSpace software. A narrative review of key literature was carried out. The literature volume increased significantly in 2020. Most articles have been published in journals of food, and from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, and China with the disciplines of psychiatry, nutrition, and food science. Frontier keywords include food addiction, gut microbiota, food insecurity, etc., showing a phenomenon of 'ebb and flow' against the different citation clusters. Factors contributing to depression include dietary inflammation, eating disorders, overweight, metabolic syndrome and COVID-19. The overwhelming conclusion is that healthy eating patterns have a positive effect on depression. Developed countries are leading the research, and major traumatic events are promoting research progress. The research frontiers include food addiction, food insecurity, and gut bacteria. The research paradigm has shifted from narrow perspectives to macroscopic view, and diet is expected to become an important intervention for depression.