3种精油对水果病原菌的抑菌效果研究

Study of Three Kinds of Essential Oil on Antimicrobial Activity of Fruit Pathogenic Bacteria

摘要:

通过采用滤纸片熏蒸和直接接触作用的方法研究了薰衣草精油，薄荷精油和葡萄籽精油对链格孢霉，扩展青霉和酸腐菌的作用效果。结果显示，抑菌效果与精油浓度和处理方式有关。在精油熏蒸实验中，体积分数为1、2、3、4、5 ?滋L/L的3种植物精油对链格孢霉，扩展青霉和酸腐菌的抑菌效果均不同，对薰衣草精油的敏感强弱程度为：链格孢霉＞扩展青霉＞酸腐菌；对薄荷精油的敏感程度为链格孢霉＞酸腐菌＞扩展青霉；对葡萄籽精油的敏感强弱程度为扩展青霉＞链格孢霉＞酸腐菌。而在直接接触作用实验中，体积分数为100、200、300、400、500 ?滋L/L的3种植物精油对链格孢霉，扩展青霉和酸腐菌的抑菌效果也不同，对薰衣草精油的敏感强弱程度为：酸腐菌＞链格孢霉＞扩展青霉；对薄荷精油的敏感强弱程度为酸腐菌＞链格孢霉＞扩展青霉；对葡萄籽精油的敏感强弱程度为扩展青霉＞酸腐菌＞链格孢霉。

Abstract:

Disc diffusion and direct contacting of essential oil and fruit pathogenic bacterias are utilized to study the effects of plant essential oil lavender essential oil，peppermint oil and grape seed oil on alternaria alternata，penicillium expansum and geotrichum candidum in this research. After analyzing the result of the research，we find out that in 1 ?滋L/L，2 ?滋L/L，3 ?滋L/L，4 ?滋L/L，5 ?滋L/L concentrations of these plant oils have unlike effects in fruit pathogenic bacteria of alternaria alternata，penicillium expansum and geotrichum candidum. And how we deal with the materials can influence the final result as well. In disc diffusion experiment the sensitivity towards lavender essential oil are alternaria alternate > penicillium expansum > geotrichum candidum，while the sensitivity towards peppermint oil are alternaria alternate > geotrichum candidum > penicillium expansum，and towards grape seed oil are penicillium expansum >alternaria alternate >geotrichum candidum. Whereas in the experiment of contacting essential oil and fruit pathogenic bacteria we got a different result. In 100 ?滋L/L，200 ?滋L/L，300 ?滋L/L，400 ?滋L/L，500 ?滋L/L concentrations of the plant oils .The sensitivity towards lavender essential oil are geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternata > penicillium expansum，which towards peppermint oil are geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternate > penicillium expansum，and that towards grape seed oil are penicillium expansum > geotrichum candidum > alternaria alternata.