莲子心脂溶性生物碱的分离、鉴定

Isolation and Identification of the Lipophilic Alkaloids of Embryo Loti

摘要:

为进一步分离并鉴定保健食品莲子心中活性脂溶性生物碱，根据脂溶性成分和酚性生物碱的化学性质，先将莲子心脂溶性成分提取、分离酚性和非酚性二个部位；再运用多种柱色谱技术分别对这二个提取部位进行分离纯化，并对所得化合物的理化性质和光谱数据（UV，IR，MS，1H NMR、13C NMR及其2D-NMR）进行分析归纳，最终确定它们的化学结构。从莲子心脂溶性部位共获得12个单体化合物，经鉴定其中10个成分为生物碱。酚性部位有6个化合物，分别为：l-薄荷醇（l- menthol，1），甲基莲心碱（neferine，2），亚美罂粟碱（amepavine，3），4'-甲氧基-N-甲基衡州（4'-methoxy-N-methyl coclaurine，4），异莲心碱（isoliensinine，5），莲心碱（liensinine，6）；非酚性部位有6个化合物，分别为： 谷甾醇（sitosterol，7），荷叶碱（nuciferine，8），前荷叶碱（pronuciferine，9），莲明碱（lysicamine，10），N-甲氧基头花千金藤二酮B（N-methoxycepharadione B，11）和N-甲基紫堇定（N-methylcordaldine，12）。其中1、4、10、11和12则为该植物中首次发现的化合物。

Abstract:

To further isolate and identify the lipophilic alkaloids （active ingredient） from the Chinese herb，embryo loti （the green embryo of mature seed of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.）. According to the chemical properties of lipophilic compounds and phenolated alkaloids，the lipophilic components of embryo loti were separated into two groups：the phenolic and the non-phenolic components. Then various column chromatographic techniques were used to isolate and purify the two components. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined from the analysis of their physicochemical properties and spectrum study，i. e.，UV，IR，MS，1H NMR，13C NMR and 2D-NMR，ect.. Tweleve different monomers were obtained from the lipophilic extraction of embryo loti，and 10 of them were identified as alkaloids. Six phenolic compounds were identified，including l- menthol，neferine，amepavine，4'-methoxy-N-methyl coclaurine，isoliensinine and liensinine. Six non-phenolic compounds were also determined，such as -sitosterol，nuciferine，pronuciferine，lysicamine，N-methoxycepharadione B and N-methylcordaldine. Among them，l- menthol，4'-methoxy-N-methyl coclaurine，lysicamine，N-methoxycepharadione B and N-methylcordaldine were first reported here.