墨氏胸刺水蚤营养价值的评价

Analysis and Evaluation of the Nutritional Value about Centropages mcmurrichi

摘要:

为衡量墨氏胸刺水蚤作为一种水产食品资源的开发价值，利用现代生化手段以及蛋白质营养价值的化学评价，对墨氏胸刺水蚤的基本营养成分、矿物质元素、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成进行全面分析。结果表明，墨氏胸刺水蚤粗蛋白质质量分数64.64%（干重），矿物质含量丰富，Fe，Zn和Ca质量分数分别达到339.28、97.91 mg/kg和3316.47mg/kg，且墨氏胸刺水蚤粗脂肪和总糖的质量分数较低；墨氏胸刺水蚤中必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）为80.51，共测出15种氨基酸，其中7种必需氨基酸（EAA）占39.55%，8种非必需氨基酸（NEAA）占60.45%，谷氨酸和天冬氨酸这两种鲜味氨基酸含量最高，分别为7.65%和5.81%。墨氏胸刺水蚤含19种脂肪酸，其中饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸分别占脂肪酸质量分数40.65%，16.05%和42.09%，EPA和DHA共占脂肪酸质量分数27.32%。因此，墨氏胸刺水蚤是一种具开发潜质的海洋水产食品资源。

Abstract:

The study were conducted to evaluate the commercial potential of Centropages mcmurrichi as aquatic food resources after a comprehensive analysis of its basic nutritional constituents, part of the minerals, Amino acid compositions and various fatty acid components of lipids via modern research methods of biochemistry . The determination results indicated that Centropages mcmurrichi（dry weight） contained a high level of crude protein（64.64%） as well as abundant minerals which consisted of Fe（339.28 mg/kg）, Zn（97.91 mg/kg） and Ca（3316.47mg/kg） respectively. In addition, it was not richer in the average percentage of fatty acid composition or the content of total sugar when compared with other marine copepods like Acartia clausi. The essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 80.51.Thirty-nine point fifty five percent of the total fifteen types of amino acids comprised of essential amino acids of which Leucine, Lysine and Valine were the most prevalent, and 60.45% were non-essential amino acids, Glutamic acid, Asparagine and Alanine. And Centropages mcmurrichi had special seafood flavor because of the five delicious amino acids in which glutaminic acid（7.65%） and aspartic acid（5.81%） made up a higher percentage. Fatty acid profiles of Centropages mcmurrichi showed that 40.65% saturated fatty acid, 16.05% monounsaturated and 42.09% polyunsaturated fatty acids occupied the total fatty acids, respectively. Among this detected eighteen diffident types of fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid（DHA；22：6n-3） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA；20：5n-3） were the predominant fatty acids of Centropages mcmurrichi, which constituted 27.32% of total fatty acids. Therefore, Centropages mcmurrichi were esploitable as one of the high-quality marine aquatic resources.