Ultrasound-assisted Enzymatic Transformation and Immune Efficacy of Black Ginseng Saponins

Abstract:

[Objective]This study aims to elucidate the transformation process of black ginseng saponins and their immunomodulatory mechanisms.[Method]An ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method was employed for the transformation of black ginseng saponins, and the mass concentration of black ginseng saponins was determined. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effects of black ginseng saponins were investigated through animal experiments.[Result]Under the conditions of an enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 40 ℃, an enzyme mass fraction of 8%, enzymatic hydrolysis time of 60 min, and ultrasonic treatment time of 25 min, the mass concentration of black ginseng saponins increased from 1 615.40 μg/mL to 3 351.38 μg/mL, which represented an increase of 107.47%. The results of animal experiments showed that black ginseng saponins significantly increased the body mass, spleen index, and thymus index of mice, and significantly elevated the serum levels of immunoglobulins IgM, IgG, and IgA. Western blot analysis further revealed that black ginseng saponins significantly upregulated the expression of NOD1, NOD2, RIP2, TAK1, IKKα/β, and NF-κB.[Conclusion]This study provides a theoretical reference for the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic transformation of black ginseng saponins and the research on their immunomodulatory effects.