Abstract:Objective This study comprehensively analyzed the bioactive components in the pomace of large-fruited and small-fruited sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), aiming to determine their nutritional utilization value. Method The pomace samples of different fruit types of sea buckthorn were selected as the research objects. Detection methods such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry were employed to identify the main bioactive components including total flavonoids, total polyphenols, vitamin C, vitamin E, amino acids, and mineral elements in the pomace. Cluster heatmap analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to comprehensively analysis 44 nutritional and bioactive components. Result The pomace samples of both large-fruited and small-fruited sea buckthorn were rich in flavonoids and polyphenols. The mass fractions of vitamin E and β-carotene in the pomace of large-fruited sea buckthorn were higher than those in the pomace of small-fruited sea buckthorn. Seventeen amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids and 10 non-essential amino acids, were detected in both pomace samples. Seven trace elements and four major elements essential for the human body were detected, and 11 and 10 fatty acids were detected in the pomace of large-fruited and small-fruited sea buckthorn, respectively. In addition, some amino acids (such as aspartic acid and leucine), fatty acids (such as linoleic acid and erucic acid), flavonoids, polyphenols, and mineral elements (such as K and Fe) can be used as marker components for the pomace of large-fruited and small-fruited sea buckthorn.Conclusion The sea buckthorn pomace is rich in bioactive components and can be applied in the food or health product industries in the form of food additives. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of sea buckthorn pomace resources.
