Abstract:[Objective] To improve the standards and promote the sustainable development of the camel milk industry, the author developed a quantitative detection method for camel milk components in adulterated dairy products based on real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR). [Method] Template DNA was extracted through an automated nucleic acid extraction method. The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cytb) of camel was selected as the specific target gene, while the mammalian 18S rRNA gene served as the reference gene. Specific primers and reference primers were designed accordingly. According to the linear relationship between the Ct ratio (Ct value of camel-specific primer/Ct value of reference primer) and the volume fraction of camel milk, a standard curve for quantitative analysis of camel milk adulteration was established. The established standard curve was used for quantitative analysis of simulated adulterated samples containing camel milk at volume fractions of 35%, 55%, and 75%, and parameters such as recovery rate, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. [Result] The standard curve was y=-0.325x+1.221 5, and the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.972 3. The average recovery rate of the simulated adulterated samples was 100.71%, and the average CV was 5.29%. [Conclusion] Using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, the author developed a detection method capable of quantifying adulteration in camel milk. This method not only identifies adulteration but also determines its exact proportion, offering valuable technical support for maintaining quality standards in the camel milk industry.
