Abstract:[Objective] This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of bovine colostrum bioactive components and their combination with collagen peptides on collagen synthesis and metabolism. [Method] Cell experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of bovine colostrum bioactive components on type I collagen (COL I) secretion, lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) activities, as well as human transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) gene expression in human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Subsequently, a mouse model of collagen loss induced by D-galactose was established to investigate the regulatory effects of oral administration of bovine colostrum bioactive components and their combination with collagen peptides on the mass fractions of type I, III, IV, and VII collagen, mass fraction of mouse transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), and activities of MMP-3, prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H), lysyl oxidase (LOX), and LH1 in the mouse skin. [Result] At the cellular level, bovine colostrum bioactive components promoted COL I secretion in HSFs, significantly increased LH1 activity, inhibited MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities, and upregulated TGFB1 gene expression. In the mouse model of D-galactose-induced collagen loss, oral administration of bovine colostrum bioactive components increased the mass fractions of type I, III, IV, and VII collagen, enhanced the LOX activity and elevated TGF-β1 level, and inhibited the MMP-3 activity in the mouse skin. Moreover, the combination of bovine colostrum bioactive components with collagen peptides significantly enhanced the activities of P4H, LOX, and LH1, as well as the TGF-β1 level, resulting in a more pronounced increase in collagen mass fraction in the skin. [Conclusion] Bovine colostrum bioactive components can enhance the collagen mass fraction both in vitro and in vivo by regulating collagen synthesis and metabolism. Their combination with collagen peptides exhibits a synergistic effect. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of bovine colostrum bioactive components in improving collagen metabolism and offer a reference for the development of food-derived collagen supplements.
