Anti-photoaging Effects of Different Ultrafiltration Fractions from Fermentation Supernatants of Three Probiotics

Abstract:

Objective The present study investigates the ameliorative effects of probiotic fermentation supernatants on cellular photoaging, exploring whether different ultrafiltration fractions can serve as effective components in anti-photoaging cosmetics.Method Three distinct ultrafiltration fractions (relative molecular mass >3 000, relative molecular mass 1 000~3 000, and relative molecular mass <1 000) of the fermentation supernatants of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), Lactobacillus paracasei (LP1), and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP2) were examined for their anti-photoaging effects on UVB-induced human skin fibroblasts (NHDF) and mouse B16F10 melanoma cell models.Result All the ultrafiltration fractions of LR, LP1, and LP2 were non-toxic to cells and significantly reduced the SA-β-gal staining rate, tyrosinase activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations, while increasing the ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging capacity. The ultrafiltration fraction with the relative molecular mass <1 000 showed the most pronounced effects, decreasing the tyrosinase activity by 50%~60% compared with the control group.Conclusion The fermentation supernatants of the three probiotics can exert anti-photoaging effects by inhibiting melanin production and exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The ultrafiltration fraction with the relative molecular mass <1 000 may serve as potential anti-photoaging active components in the cosmetic industry.