面向个性化营养的食品3D打印机电系统与智能决策研究

Food 3D Printing Technology for Personalized Nutrition: Electromechanical Systems and Intelligent Decision-making

摘要:

食品3D打印是增材制造与食品科学深度交叉融合的前沿领域，正逐步由造型制造向个性化营养定制平台方向演进。这一转变的实现，离不开智能机器人、多模态感知、数字孪生与人工智能等机电系统前沿技术的支撑。作者立足于机电系统，阐述了食品3D打印从传统挤出成形向智能集成化机电系统的演变历程，详细梳理了多材料打印、原位烹饪集成、闭环感知控制等关键技术；重点分析了作为整个系统“大脑”的智能决策环节，涵盖个性化营养模型融合、数字孪生驱动工艺优化、人工智能（artificial intelligence， AI）赋能的生成设计等核心内容；总结了该技术产业化过程中面临的挑战，并对人机协同智能营养制造系统的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Food 3D printing technology, as a cross-integrated frontier field between additive manufacturing and food science, is evolving from shape manufacturing to a personalized nutrition customization platform. The core driving force of this transition lies in the advanced technologies for electromechanical systems, including intelligent robots, multimodal perception, digital twins, and artificial intelligence. From the perspective of electromechanical systems, the author expounds the evolution process of food 3D printing systems from simple extrusion to intelligent integrated electromechanical systems and the key technologies including multi-material printing, in-situ cooking integration, and closed-loop sensing control. It highlights the intelligent decision-making link as the “brain” of the entire system, involving the integration of personalized nutrition models, process optimization driven by digital twins, and generative design enabled by artificial intelligence (AI). Finally, this article summarizes the core challenges faced by industrialization of the technology and makes an outlook on the future development directions of intelligent nutrition manufacturing systems featuring human-machine collaboration.