非粮原料生物合成氨基酸的研究进展

Research Progress in the Biosynthesis of Amino Acids from Non-grain Feedstocks

摘要:

生物制造是生产氨基酸的主流方式，然而传统发酵受制于粮食基底物，长期面临与人争粮、成本较高等瓶颈。因此，开发以农业废弃物及工业副产物等非粮原料为底物的新型绿色转化体系具有重要意义。这不仅可以缓解氨基酸产业对有限粮食资源的依赖，而且能够促进“双碳”目标的实现。作者总结了目前利用蔗糖糖蜜、木质纤维素、甘油及乙酸等非粮原料合成氨基酸的研究进展，在此基础上指出非粮原料生物转化存在的关键问题，并探讨了克服这些障碍的工程策略，以期助推新一代氨基酸细胞工厂的构建。

Abstract:

Biomanufacturing is the primary method for amino acid production. However, conventional fermentation is limited to grain feedstocks, facing long-standing bottlenecks such as competition with the food supply and high costs. Therefore, developing novel green conversion systems based on non-grain feedstocks, such as agricultural waste and industrial by-products, is of great significance. This approach not only mitigates the industry’s reliance on limited grain resources but also facilitates the achievement of dual carbon goals. The research progress in amino acid synthesis from non-grain feedstocks, including cane molasses, lignocellulose, glycerol, and acetate, was summarized. Furthermore, the critical issues in bioconversion were identified, and the engineering strategies to overcome these obstacles were discussed to facilitate the construction of next-generation amino acid cell factories.