多糖的磷酸化修饰、结构表征及生物活性研究进展

Advances in Phosphorylation, Structure Characterization, and Biological Activities of Polysaccharides

摘要:

天然多糖的生物活性易受自身结构限制，难以满足实际应用需求。磷酸化作为一种重要的化学修饰方法，凭借其独特的化学结构可增强磷酸化多糖的生物活性，包括抗氧化、免疫调节、抗肿瘤等，近年来受到广泛关注。为验证磷酸化修饰是否成功、确定磷酸化程度及修饰位置，需采用多种方法对磷酸化多糖的结构进行表征。作者综述了磷酸化修饰多糖的最新研究进展，重点探讨了磷酸化多糖的制备方法、结构表征及生物活性，旨在为其在食品、医药及相关领域的应用提供理论依据与实践指导。

Abstract:

The biological activities of natural polysaccharides are often limited by their structures, which make it difficult to meet practical application requirements. Phosphorylation is an important chemical modification method, and the unique chemical structures can significantly enhance the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activities of phosphorylated polysaccharides. In recent years, this field has attracted widespread attention. To verify the success of phosphorylation and determine the degree and location of phosphorylation, various methods can be used to characterize the structures of phosphorylated polysaccharides. The author summarizes the latest research findings on phosphorylated polysaccharides and particularly focuses on their production methods, structural characterization, and biological activities, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical recommendations for their application in food, pharmaceuticals, and related fields.