矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷改善干眼大鼠眼表功能障碍的研究

Cyanidin-3-glucoside Ameliorates Ocular Surface Dysfunction in Rats with Dry Eye Disease

摘要:

【目的】已有研究表明黑米花色苷的主要成分矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷（cyanidin-3-glucoside，C3G）对视网膜和视网膜色素上皮（retinal pigmented epithelium，RPE）细胞具有保护作用，目前缺乏C3G缓解干眼（dry eye disease，DED）的体内研究证据，限制了其在眼表疾病中的应用，因此该研究旨在探究C3G对大鼠DED的保护效果。【方法】将24只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组：对照组、模型组、C3G组。采用氢溴酸东莨菪碱构建DED动物模型，模型组和C3G组大鼠每日注射4次氢溴酸东莨菪碱，共28 d。C3G组大鼠在造模的同时灌胃C3G（50 mg/kg）。每周测量大鼠DED指标，包括泪液分泌量和荧光素钠染色。干预后第28天，取大鼠角膜和结膜组织，检测角膜炎症因子水平，并对角膜和结膜进行病理学分析。【结果】与对照组相比，模型组大鼠泪液分泌量显著减少，角膜荧光素染色评分显著升高，同时角膜组织中肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）基因和白细胞介素6（interleukin-6，IL-6）基因的mRNA相对表达量上调（P<0.05），角膜细胞排列紊乱、基质层较疏松，结膜杯状细胞数量减少。与模型组相比，C3G组大鼠泪液分泌量显著升高，角膜荧光素染色评分显著降低，角膜组织中TNF-α和IL-6基因的mRNA相对表达量下调（P<0.05），角膜细胞排列紧密，结膜杯状细胞数量增加。【结论】C3G具有缓解DED大鼠角膜和结膜组织损伤的 作用，为开发含有黑米花色苷的护眼功能食品提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

[Objective]Studies have shown that cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), the main component of black rice anthocyanins, exhibits protective effects on retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. However, there is a lack of in vivo evidence regarding the efficacy of C3G in alleviating dry eye disease (DED), which limits its application in ocular surface disorders. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of C3G on DED in rats.[Method]24 Wistar rats were randomly assigned into control, model, and C3G groups. In model and C3G groups, a DED model was established by subcutaneous injection of scopolamine hydrobromide (4 times daily for 28 d). The C3G group was administered 50 mg/kg C3G by gavage during the modeling period. DED parameters, including tear secretion and fluorescein sodium staining, were measured weekly. On day 28, corneal and conjunctival tissue samples were collected to assess inflammatory cytokine levels and histopathological changes.[Result]Compared with the control group, the model group showed reduced tear secretion, increased corneal fluorescein staining scores, upregulated mRNA relative expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes(P<0.05), disarrangement of corneal cells, loose stromal layers, and decreased goblet cells in the conjunctival tissue. Compared with the model group, the C3G group showed elevated tear secretion, reduced fluorescein staining scores, downregulated mRNA relative expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 genes (P<0.05), tightly arranged corneal cells and increased goblet cells in the conjunctival tissue.[Conclusion]C3G has the effect of alleviating corneal and conjunctival tissue damage in DED rats, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of functional food containing black rice anthocyanins for eye protection.