橙皮素和圣草次苷对体外模拟肠道微生态的调节作用

Regulatory Effects of Hesperetin and Eriocitrin on Gut Microbiota in an in Vitro Simulation Model

摘要:

【目的】比较橙皮素和圣草次苷对不同肠型肠道微生态的影响。【方法】通过构建体外肠道模拟发酵体系，结合16S rRNA高通量测序和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术，评估2种类黄酮对不同肠型肠道微生态的调节作用。【结果】经发酵处理后，2种类黄酮的添加使得拟杆菌肠型和普雷沃氏菌肠型中门水平上的Firmicutes与Bacteroidota相对丰度的比值（F/B值）降低；在属水平上，Paeniclostridium、Sutterella等促炎细菌相对丰度减少。LEfSe分析结果表明，拟杆菌肠型中橙皮素和圣草次苷的添加能显著提升Lactobacillus和Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group等有益菌的占比。短链脂肪酸产量结果表明，拟杆菌肠型中橙皮素的添加使得乙酸和丁酸的产量显著提升，而圣草次苷的添加无明显效果。Spearman相关性分析结果表明，拟杆菌肠型中橙皮素组丁酸产量与Lachnoclostridium的相对丰度呈显著正相关。【结论】橙皮素的添加显著提升了拟杆菌肠型中肠道有益菌的占比，并能提高短链脂肪酸产量。该研究可为类黄酮对肠道微生态的调控提供理论基础。

Abstract:

[Objective]This study aims to compare the effects of hesperetin and eriocitrin on the gut microbiota in different enterotypes.[Method]An in vitro gut fermentation model was established, which was combined with 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique to evaluate the regulatory effects of the two flavonoids on the gut microbiota in different enterotypes.[Result]After fermentation, both flavonoids significantly reduced the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio (F/B ratio) in terms of relative abundance at the phylum level in enterotype Bacteroides and enterotype Prevotella. At the genus level, pro-inflammatory bacteria including Paeniclostridium and Sutterella showed decreased relative abundance in treatment groups. LEfSe analysis result identified that both hesperetin and eriocitrin increased the proportions of beneficial genera such as Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group in the enterotype Bacteroides. The quantification results of short-chain fatty acids indicated significant increases in acetate and butyrate production in hesperetin-treated enterotype Bacteroides, while eriocitrin treatment showed no significant alterations. Spearman correlation analysis result revealed a significant positive correlation between the relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium and the butyrate production in the hesperetin-treated enterotype Bacteroides.[Conclusion]Hesperetin significantly enriched beneficial bacteria and enhanced the production of short-chain fatty acids in enterotype Bacteroides. The results can provide a theoretical foundation for the flavonoid-mediated regulation of the gut ecosystem.