金黄色葡萄球菌的拮抗菌研究进展

Research Progress in Antagonistic Bacteria Against Staphylococcus aureus

摘要:

金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）是一种常见的革兰氏阳性食源性致病菌，广泛存在于人体皮肤和呼吸道中，可引发肺炎、胸膜炎、心内膜炎、食物中毒及败血症等多种感染性疾病。长期滥用抗生素会导致金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性问题日益严峻，特别是多重耐药菌株的出现，大大降低了治疗效果，因此迫切需要开发新型抗菌手段替代或辅助现有抗生素。微生物天然产物是开发新型抗生素的重要资源，拮抗微生物在其中发挥着重要作用。本文综述了针对金黄色葡萄球菌的拮抗菌种类、抗菌活性物质类型及常用的拮抗菌筛选方法，并进一步探讨了其可能的抑菌机制，旨在为金黄色葡萄球菌的生物防治提供理论指导和新的研究思路。

Abstract:

Staphylococcus aureus, a common Gram-positive foodborne pathogen, is ubiquitous in the human skin and respiratory tract. It can cause pneumonia, pleurisy, endocarditis, food poisoning, sepsis and other infectious diseases. The widespread and long-term use of antibiotics has aggravated the antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. In particular, the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains has greatly reduced the therapeutic effect. Therefore, developing new antibacterial means to replace or assist existing antibiotics has become an urgent need. Microbial natural products are important resources for the development of new antibiotics, and antagonistic microorganisms play an important role. This paper reviewed the species of antagonistic bacteria against Staphylococcus aureus, the types of antibacterial active substances, and the commonly used screening methods of antagonistic bacteria and further discussed the possible antibacterial mechanisms, aiming to provide theoretical guidance and new research ideas for the biological control of Staphylococcus aureus.