基于肠道菌群调节的花青素膳食纤维饮品改善糖脂代谢研究

Improvement of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by an Anthocyanin-dietary Fiber Drink Based on Modulation of the Gut Microbiota

摘要:

【目的】探究花青素膳食纤维饮品通过调节肠道菌群改善高糖高脂饮食诱导的糖脂代谢异常的作用机制。【方法】采用体外试验测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率、脂肪酶抑制率和胆固醇清除率；通过16S rDNA分析花青素膳食纤维饮品干预后高糖高脂饮食小鼠的粪便菌群结构变化；运用ELISA和GC-MS法检测脂多糖（LPS）、总胆汁酸（TBA）及短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）水平。【结果】经花青素膳食纤维饮品干预后，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率、脂肪酶抑制率及胆固醇清除率显著升高（P<0.05），且其作用效果显著优于花青素和膳食纤维单一组分（P<0.05）；花青素膳食纤维饮品可明显改善高糖高脂饮食小鼠的肠道菌群结构，提高SCFAs、TBA水平，降低LPS水平。【结论】花青素膳食纤维饮品可通过协同作用调节肠道菌群结构及代谢功能，效果优于单一组分，为该功能饮品的开发提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which an anthocyanin-dietary fiber drink ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-sugar, high-fat diet through modulation of the gut microbiota. [Methods] In vitro experiments were conducted to measure the α-glucosidase inhibition, lipase inhibition, and cholesterol clearance rates. The 16S rDNA sequencing was employed to assess structural changes in the fecal microbiota of the mice fed with a high-sugar, high-fat diet following anthocyanin-dietary fiber drink intervention. The levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), total bile acids (TBA), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by ELISA and GC-MS. [Results] Anthocyanin-dietary fiber drink significantly increased the α-glucosidase inhibition, lipase inhibition, and cholesterol clearance rates (P<0.05), and it outperformed anthocyanin or dietary fiber used alone (P<0.05). Furthermore, anthocyanin-dietary fiber drink improved the gut microbiota structure, elevated the levels of SCFAs and TBA, and reduced the levels of LPS in the mice fed with a high-sugar, high-fat diet. [Conclusion] Anthocyanin-dietary fiber drink synergistically modulates the structure and metabolism of the gut microbiota and its efficacy exceeds that of individual components. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of functional drinks.