牛初乳素及其与胶原蛋白肽协同作用对胶原蛋白合成代谢的调控研究

Regulation of Collagen Synthesis and Metabolism by Bovine Colostrum Bioactive Components and Their Combination with Collagen Peptides

摘要:

【目的】探究牛初乳素及其与胶原蛋白肽复配对胶原蛋白合成代谢的调控作用。【方法】通过细胞试验评估牛初乳素对人皮肤成纤维（HSF）细胞I型胶原蛋白（COL I）分泌量和赖氨酸羟化酶1（LH1）、基质金属蛋白酶1（MMP-1）、基质金属蛋白酶3（MMP-3）活性，以及人源转化生长因子β1（TGFB1）基因表达的影响。构建D-半乳糖诱导的胶原蛋白流失小鼠模型，研究口服牛初乳素及其与胶原蛋白肽复配对小鼠皮肤I、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ型胶原蛋白质量分数、鼠源转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）质量分数和MMP-3、脯氨酸羟化酶（P4H）、赖氨酰氧化酶（LOX）、LH1活性的调控作用。【结果】在细胞水平上，牛初乳素能够促进HSF细胞分泌COL I，显著提升LH1活性，抑制MMP-1和MMP-3活性，并上调TGFB1基因表达。在D-半乳糖诱导的胶原蛋白流失小鼠模型中，口服牛初乳素可提升小鼠皮肤I、III、IV、VII型胶原蛋白质量分数，提升LOX活性和TGF-β1水平，抑制MMP-3活性；与胶原蛋白肽复配后，P4H、LOX、LH1活性及TGF-β1水平均显著提升，皮肤胶原蛋白质量分数提升效果更为显著。【结论】牛初乳素在体外及体内模型中均能通过调控胶原蛋白合成代谢提高其质量分数，与胶原蛋白肽具有协同增效作用。该研究为牛初乳素在改善胶原蛋白代谢方面的应用提供了理论依据，并为食源性胶原蛋白补充剂的开发提供了参考。

Abstract:

[Objective] This study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of bovine colostrum bioactive components and their combination with collagen peptides on collagen synthesis and metabolism. [Method] Cell experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of bovine colostrum bioactive components on type I collagen (COL I) secretion, lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) activities, as well as human transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) gene expression in human skin fibroblasts (HSF). Subsequently, a mouse model of collagen loss induced by D-galactose was established to investigate the regulatory effects of oral administration of bovine colostrum bioactive components and their combination with collagen peptides on the mass fractions of type I, III, IV, and VII collagen, mass fraction of mouse transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1), and activities of MMP-3, prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H), lysyl oxidase (LOX), and LH1 in the mouse skin. [Result] At the cellular level, bovine colostrum bioactive components promoted COL I secretion in HSFs, significantly increased LH1 activity, inhibited MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities, and upregulated TGFB1 gene expression. In the mouse model of D-galactose-induced collagen loss, oral administration of bovine colostrum bioactive components increased the mass fractions of type I, III, IV, and VII collagen, enhanced the LOX activity and elevated TGF-β1 level, and inhibited the MMP-3 activity in the mouse skin. Moreover, the combination of bovine colostrum bioactive components with collagen peptides significantly enhanced the activities of P4H, LOX, and LH1, as well as the TGF-β1 level, resulting in a more pronounced increase in collagen mass fraction in the skin. [Conclusion] Bovine colostrum bioactive components can enhance the collagen mass fraction both in vitro and in vivo by regulating collagen synthesis and metabolism. Their combination with collagen peptides exhibits a synergistic effect. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of bovine colostrum bioactive components in improving collagen metabolism and offer a reference for the development of food-derived collagen supplements.