南极假丝酵母脂肪酶在甘油二酯制备中的应用

Application of Candida antarctica Lipases in the Preparation of Diacylglycerol

摘要:

南极假丝酵母是在南极发现的酵母菌种，能够产生南极假丝酵母脂肪酶A（Candida antarctica lipase A，CALA）和南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B（Candida antarctica lipase B，CALB）。近年来，因其较强的催化效率和独特的位置选择性，南极假丝酵母脂肪酶被广泛应用于生物、化工和食品工业中。该综述首先介绍了南极假丝酵母脂肪酶的结构特点和酶学特征，随后阐述了南极假丝酵母脂肪酶在甘油二酯（diacylglycerol，DAG）制备中的应用现状，最后对其生物学改造和固定化现状进行了总结与展望。旨在为南极假丝酵母脂肪酶在DAG酶解、酯化制备等领域的研究提供理论和技术参考，并为后续酶分子的改造提升奠定基础。

Abstract:

Candida antarctica (C. antarctica) is a yeast species found in the Antarctic environment. It produces two lipases, C. antarctica lipase A (CALA) and C. antarctica lipase B (CALB). In recent years, C. antarctica lipases have been widely used in the biological, chemical, and food industries for their strong catalytic efficiency and unique positional selectivity. This review first introduces the structural and enzymatic characteristics of C. antarctica lipases and then describes the application status of C. antarctica lipases in the preparation of diacylglycerol (DAG). Finally, the biological modification and immobilization status of the lipases are concluded and prospected. This review aims to provide theoretical and technical reference for the research on C. antarctica lipases in the fields such as DAG hydrolysis and esterification preparation and lay a foundation for the subsequent transformation and improvement of enzyme molecules.