光处理在果蔬采后保鲜中的研究进展

Research Progress in Light Treatment for Postharvest Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables

摘要:

果蔬采后常面临衰老与病害问题，导致品质下降。传统保鲜技术虽应用广泛，但部分技术存在一定的健康风险。光处理技术作为新兴的无热无毒保鲜手段，主要基于光对植物生理和微生物生长的影响，助力维持果蔬新鲜度和市场价值，受到食品行业的广泛关注。光处理技术的光源主要包括发光二极管（LED）、紫外线（UV）、荧光灯（FL）和脉冲光（PL）等。作者综述了光处理技术在果蔬保鲜中的应用机理与效果，分析了光处理对果蔬营养价值、抗氧化成分和酶活性的影响，并讨论了该技术当前面临的挑战和未来发展方向。

Abstract:

Postharvest fruits and vegetables often face issues of senescence and diseases, which lead to a decline in quality. Although conventional preservation techniques are widely applied, some of them have certain health risks. Light treatment, as an emerging non-thermal and non-toxic preservation technology, has attracted attention in the food industry. On the basis of the impacts of light on plant physiology and microbial growth, light treatment helps to maintain the freshness and market value of fruits and vegetables. The light sources for light treatment mainly include light-emitting diodes (LED), ultraviolet (UV), fluorescent lamps (FL), and pulsed light (PL). This review explores the application mechanisms and effects of light treatment in the preservation of fruits and vegetables, analyzes the effects of light treatment on the nutritional value, antioxidant components, and enzyme activity of fruits and vegetables, and discusses the current challenges and future development directions of this technology.