酵母β-葡聚糖对小鼠肠道菌群和代谢的影响

Effects of Yeast β-Glucan on Gut Microbiota and Metabolism in Mice

摘要:

【目的】考察酵母β-葡聚糖的体外消化特性及其对肠道菌群的影响。【方法】基于模拟消化和小鼠肠道菌群发酵模型，采用16S rRNA扩增子测序和非靶向代谢组学分析，研究了酵母β-葡聚糖对小鼠肠道菌群体外发酵微生物和代谢物的影响。【结果】酵母β-葡聚糖提高了体外发酵中的菌群浓度，促进了短链脂肪酸的产生，显著促进了厚壁菌门（如鼠尾乳杆菌等）的增殖。非靶向代谢组学分析结果显示，酵母β-葡聚糖主要通过与代谢相关的途径发挥作用，包括甘油磷脂代谢、致病性大肠杆菌感染、亚油酸代谢等。此外，相关性分析结果显示，特征细菌与显著改变的代谢物之间存在高度显著的相关性。 【结论】酵母β-葡聚糖通过调节肠道菌群、促进脂肪酸相关代谢产物的产生来发挥免疫调节等功能作用。该研究为酵母β-葡聚糖调控机体健康功能的作用机制提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

[Objective]This study aims to investigate the digestion characteristics of yeast β-glucan and its effects on gut microbiota. [Method] On the basis of simulated digestion and the gut microbiota fermentation model of mice, 16S rRNA amplification sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics analysis were conducted to investigate the effects of yeast β-glucan on the microorganisms and metabolites of in vitro fermentation of mouse gut microbiota. [Result] Yeast β-glucan increased the microbial concentration in the in vitro fermentation broth, promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, and significantly increased the proliferation of Firmicutes such as Lactobacillus murinus. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that yeast β-glucan exerted its effects mainly through metabolism-related pathways, including glycerophospholipid, pathogenic Escherichia coli infection and linoleic acid metabolism. In addition, correlation analysis revealed highly significant correlations between characteristic bacteria and significantly changed metabolites. [Conclusion] Yeast β-glucan exerts functions such as modulating immunity by regulating the gut microbiota and promoting the production of fatty acid-related metabolites. The findings provide a theoretical basis for probing into the mechanism through which yeast β-glucan regulates the health of the body.