刺五加-树舌灵芝醇提物的免疫调节作用及指标成分分析

Immunomodulatory Effects and Marker Components of Alcohol Extract from Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms-Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat.

摘要:

【目的】分析刺五加（APS）与树舌灵芝（GA）以质量比5∶1（m_APS：m_GA=5∶1）配伍前后醇提物的成分变化，探究其免疫调节作用及指标成分。【方法】采用环磷酰胺（CTX）诱导小鼠建立免疫低下模型、2，4-二硝基氯苯（DNCB）诱导小鼠建立迟发型超敏反应模型（DTH），探究其配伍醇提物对免疫系统的影响；采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术（UHPLC-MS）分析配伍前后有效成分变化；采用差热分析判断配伍后是否有新物质生成；采用单一溶剂萃取法对化学成分进行定性分析。【结果】刺五加-树舌灵芝（质量比5∶1）醇提物具有较强的免疫调节作用；超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术检测发现配伍后醇提物中的有效成分质量分数与2种药物的质量成正比；差热分析结果显示配伍后产生了不同于刺五加和树舌灵芝的新化合物，主要为鞣质、含氧杂环蒽醌类、多糖类、挥发油或油脂类化合物。【结论】刺五加-树舌灵芝（质量比5∶1）醇提物具有较强的免疫调节作用，这可能与配伍产生的新化合物共同作用有关，可作为刺五加-树舌灵芝的质量评价指标成分。

Abstract:

[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze the compositional changes of the alcohol extracts of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms (APS)-Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. (GA) before and after compounding at a mass ratio of 5∶1 (m_APS∶m_GA=5∶1) and to investigate the immunomodulatory effects and marker components of the extracts.[Method]The mouse models of compromised immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were established with cytoxan (CTX) and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), respectively, to investigate the effects of the alcohol extracts on the immune system. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was used to analyze the changes of the active ingredients before and after compounding. Differential thermal analysis was performed to determine whether new substances were generated after compounding. Single solvent extraction was employed to qualitatively analyze the chemical components.[Result]The alcohol extract of A. senticosus-G. applanatum compounding at a mass ratio of 5∶1 possessed strong immunomodulatory effects. UHPLC-MS showed that the mass fractions of the active ingredients in the alcohol extract were directly proportional to the mass of the two drugs. The differential thermal analysis showed that new compounds different from those in A. senticosus and G. applanatum were generated after the compounding of the two drugs, mainly including tannins, oxygen-containing heterocyclic anthraquinones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, and lipids.[Conclusion]The strong immunomodulatory effects of the alcohol extract of A. senticosus-G. applanatum compounding at a mass ratio of 5∶1 are presumably related to the co-action of new compounds produced by the compounding, and these compounds could be used as maker components for the quality evaluation of A. senticosus-G. applanatum.