菌藻结合去除淘米废水中有机物的研究

Research on the Removal of Organic Matter from Rice Washing Wastewater by the Combination of Bacteria and Algae

摘要:

利用细菌和真菌的分解作用，探究米曲霉（Aspergillus oryzae）、枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）和酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）对淘米废水中固体颗粒的分解和去除效果，并评价菌株处理后的淘米废水用于微藻培养的可行性。结果显示，米曲霉表现出最好的固形物去除率，为（89.320±0.052）%；解淀粉芽孢杆菌表现出最好的固形物分解率，其中可溶性氮增长率为（327.52±0.08）%、磷的增长率为（505.42±0.42）%。使用不同菌株处理后的淘米废水培养小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris），当用解淀粉芽孢杆菌处理后的淘米废水培养5 d后，小球藻细胞浓度为1.2×10⁸ 个/mL。在相似的培养条件下，该组生物量可达BG-11培养基的1.4倍。在微藻作用下，解淀粉芽孢杆菌预处理组中总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、NH₄⁺-N以及化学需氧量（COD）去除率分别为84.450%、95.079%、85.710%、90.413%。该研究表明，菌株处理后的淘米废水能够用于微藻培养，且通过菌藻结合实现了淘米废水的高值化利用。

Abstract:

The decomposition and removal of solid particles from rice washing wastewater by Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated, along with evaluating the feasibility of using treated wastewater for microalgal cultivation. The data showed that Aspergillus oryzae exhibited the best solid removal efficiency, which was (89.320±0.052)%, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens demonstrated the best solid degradation efficiency, with an increase in soluble nitrogen concentration by (327.52±0.08)% and phosphorus concentration by (505.42±0.42)%. Rice washing wastewater treated with different microbial strains was used to culture Chlorella vulgaris. After 5 ?d of culture with wastewater treated by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the cell concentration reached 1.2×10⁸ cells/mL. Under similar culture conditions, the microbial biomass of this group reached 1.4 times that of the BG-11 culture medium. With microalgae, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group exhibited removal rates of 84.450% for TN, 95.079% for TP, 85.710% for NH₄⁺-N, and 90.413% for COD in rice washing wastewater. The results showed that the treated rice washing wastewater could be used as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for the cultivation of microalgae, enabling high-value utilization of rice washing wastewater through combined bacterial and algal treatment